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Timor Leste iha Istoria 1520-2005

Tinan 10 ona maka Timor Leste husik an husi kolonialismo. To’o konkista nia Independensia iha loron 20 Maio 2002, Timor Leste oras nee tama ona ba paises nebe joven liu iha Planeta, Parte Leste rai Timor, ilha sudeste Asiatico, no ohin loron hanaran Repúblika Demokratika Timor Leste, Hafoin domina husi kolonialismo sira durante seclo lima nia laran

Ba maluk sira nebe hakarak hatene Istoria Timor Leste ninian lee deit kronologia nee.

1520- Entreposto Portugues
Ema Portugueses, hanesan ema Europeia Primeiro nebe kolonia sudeste asiatiku, monta entreposto komersiais iha ilha Timor ho hare sandalo ka ai kameli. Tamba ai kameli nudar ai ida nebe ho folin aas no iha komersio nian hodi utiliza ba fabrika moveis nebe luxo, no halo mina morin.

1613 - Dominação holandesa
Holandes halo funu contra Espana no portugal, Espana desembarca cidade Kupang no domina parte ocidental ilha Timor, Teritorio nee aktual hanaran Timor-Oeste.

1859 - Timor dividido, Iha loron 20 Abril, Portugal no Holanda fahe Ilha Timor ba kolonia rua, Holanda ukun parte Oeste no Portugal ukun parte Leste. Tratado nee foin halao iha tinan 1861 no dekada ida tuir 1914 mai definida fronteirasTimor.

1942- Invasão Japonesa. Iha Segunda guerra, Japaun Invade, Timor sai ilha disputa husi Australia, to’o iha tinan 1945 Portugal domina Parte oriental. No parte Oeste passa ba provinsia Indonesia.

1974- Revolusaun dos Cravos. Iha loron 25 Abril 1974 mosu revolusaun boot husi kolonia Portuguesa hodi hatun junta militar portugal. Sinal diak ba rai kolonia sira atu bele ukun an.
11 Maio Forma Uniaun Demokratiku Timorense (UDT)
20 Maio 1974 Partido ASDT funda hodi responde revolusaun dos Cravos 25 Abril 1974. Iha loron 11 Setembro 1974 ASDT muda naran ba Fretilin (Frente revulusionaria Timor leste independente) ho nia Presidente Fransisco Xavier do Amaral no Nicolau Lobatu nudar Secretario Geral.
27 Maio Funda Assosiasaun popular Demokratika Timor (APODETI).
Iha Julho Embaisador Indonesia nian iha Bruxelas Franz Seda Visita Portugal
Iha Setembro Primeiro Ministro Australia Inkontro ho Jeneral Soeharto hodi ekpresa apoio Integrasaun Timor Leste ba Indonesia
14 Novembro Lemos Pires assume Cargo Guvernador no chefe komandante iha Timor.

1975- Primeira Independência ,
Iha 20 Janeiro UDT ho Fretilin halo koligasaun koalia konaba proseso autonomia ida ba Timor Leste durante Tinan 5-10 molok hetan Independensia loloos.
09 Marsu delegasaun Portugal ho Indonesia halo reuniaun iha Loundres hodi deskute kestaun Timor Leste.
20 Maio Fretilin halo manifestasaun primiero Aniversario iha Dili.
27 Maio UDT rompe kolegasaun ho FRETILIN
05 Junho primeiraves Portugal komunika informasaun ba UNO konaba Timor Leste
17 Junho Suharto Visita Estadus Unidus Amerika hodi esplika konaba apoio Amerika nian ba Indonesia hodi halo Invasaun mai Timor Leste.
26 Junho Manifestasaun UDT iha Dili konaba cimeira ida iha rai Macau nebe representa partidos Timorense.
17 Julho Promulgasaun lei no 7/75 nebe defini prosesu dekolonizasaun Timor Leste.
10-11 Agostu UDT lansa golpe armada hodi hetan poder ba ukun Timor
20 Agostu FRETILIN halo kontra golpe no Forca Armada ba libertasaun Nasional, Falintil sai liman kroat no lutu nasaun nian, Nikolau Lobatu sai nudar Primeira Komandante FALINTIL.
26 Agosto Administrasaun Portuguesa nian sai husi Dili no muda ba Atauro
27 Agostu UDT husik hela Dili no desloka ba Likisa
16 Outobro Tropas Indonesia tama iha Batugade, Jornalista Australiano nain lima mate
14 Novembro Exersito Indonesia komesa Ataka Atabae
27 Novembro negosiasaun Portugal ho Partidos timorense iha Darwin atu boikota Indonesia
28 Novembro, Tinan ida hafoin Revolusaun dos Cravos no ikus husi ditadura Portugal, Fretilin deklara Independensia hafoin manan luta contra golpe UDT.
29 Novembro , Portugal la rekonhese Independensia unilateral nomos inegrasaun nebe maka partido iha Timor halo.
30 Novembro Representante UDT,APODETI,KOTA (Klibur Oan Timor Aswain) no Partido Trabalhista assina Proklamasaun Integrasaun hanaran deklarasaun Balibo hodi defende Integrasaun Timor Leste ba Indonesia.
06 Desembro Presidente Norte Amerikano Gerald Ford ho nia secretario estado Kenry Kissinger enkrontro ho Suharto para halo asaun rapida no drastika hasoru Timor Leste.
07 Desembro Forca Indonesia halao Operasaun Komodo no Invade Timor Leste.
12 Desembro Asembleia geral ONU hasai resulusaun no 3485 kondena Intervesaun military Indonesia iha Timor Leste.
22 Desembro Konselu siguransa ONU Vota unanimidade resulusaun no 384 kondena Invasaun mai Timor leste no husu imediata retira forca invasor.

1976 - Invasão indonésia, iha 20-22 Janeiro enviado especial Secretario jeral ONU Vittorio Guicciardi, Visita Timor-Leste
Iha ditadura Suharto nian, Indonesia Anexa Timor Leste, no ignora Guverno Portugues nomos ONU. Nunee haruka tropas Indonesia tama Timor Leste. Timor oan besik 200.000 maka mate durante invasaun nee.
Iha Loron 17 Juilo 1976, partido Apodeti deklara Timor Leste Integra ho Indonesia, no sai hanesan provinsia 27 ba Indonesia.

1977- iha tinan nee iha Remexio (Aileu) Fransisco Xavier tun husi nia kargu nudar Presidente Partido Fretilin nomos Presidente RDTL no troka fali Husi Nikolau Lobato hanesan presidente Partido Fretilin no Presidente RDTL daruak.

1978- iha 22 Novembro Forca Indonesia controla Matebian, Matebian nudar ikus husi base resistensia lima nebe sai intesaun ataqe husi Forsa Indonesia.
22 Desembro Australia rekonyese de jure Integrasaun Timor Leste ba Indonesia
31 Desembro Tropas Indonesia oho Komandante Falintil Nikolau Lobato iha Mindelo/Turiscai.

1980- Xanana chefia Falintil no Conselho Revolusionario de Resistensia Nasional (CRRN).

1981- iha 01-08 Marsu halao Konferensia Nasional Sekretu ida iha Lakluta Viqueque Xanana Gusmao eleito ba komando Falintil.
07 Abril Santa se Aprova Lian tetum nudar lian Liturgica
Fulan Maio to’o setembro Indonesia halao operasaun Pagar Betis ou operasi kikis iha operasaun nee militar Indonesia uza populasaun sira hodi ataka gerilieiru sira nebe halo rezistensia iha foho. 19-21 Junho Komisaun dos direitus do povu maubere (CDPM) Reuniaun iha Lisboa konaba situasaun iha Timor
07 setembro akontese masakre iha Lakluta

1982 – 02 Abril Asembleia republika Portugal aprova comisaun iventual hodi akompanha situasaun iha Timor-Leste
Iha Setembro D. Martnho Lopes enkontro ho Xanana iha Mehara
Comisario politika nasional no comandante FALINTIL Xanana Gusmao enkontro ho komandante Tropas Indonesia iha Timor Leste Coronel Purwanto konaba Cessar-fogo, enkontro nee halao iha Buburake Viqueque.

1983- iha loron 10 Maio liu husi komunikadu imprensa Xanana gusmao propoen conversasoens entre Portugal, Indonesia, Australia no FRETILIN konaba Forca nasionalista iha Timor.
12 Maio Monsenhor Ximenes Belo simu pose nudar Administrador Apostolico Dili, substitui Monsenhor Martinho da Costa Lopes. Iha loron nebe hanesan Xanana proklama konvergensia nasionalista luta kontra invazor indonesia to’o 1984.
07 Setembro akontese Masakre iha Kraras hamate ema wain, operasaun ofensia Forsa Indonesia nee hanaran Operasaun Keamanan

1984- Xanana halo re-estruturasaun Forca Armada.

1985- Iha loron 05 Maio 1985 Xanana husik Comite central Fretilin no strutura CRRN assume komando Falintil

1986- Iha Marso 1986 iha ona unifikasaun movimentu resistensia hafoin Fretilin no UDT konkorda kriaasaun Convergensia Nasionalista.
25 Abril Xanana Gusmao inkontru ho Amo Belo iha Fatumaca

1987- Iha 1 janeiro 1987 Fretilin no UDT hari Conselho nasional da Resistensia Maubere (CNRM) .

1988- Iha loron 20 Juino 1988 hari Resistensia nasional dos estudantes de Timor leste (RENETIL).iha fulan Juino neemos Mario carrascalao nudar Guvernador Timor propoen ba Suharto atu loke Timor ba rai liur.
31 Desembro 1988 Xanana Gusmao Anuncia Falintil non Partisan, no iha Loron nee kedas FALINTIL mos fila an hanesan liman kroat povu nian iha CNRM nia aimahon okos.

1989- Iha loron 06 Febreiro Amo Belo hakerek karta ida ba Secretario geral ONU hodi realize referendum iha Timor Leste.
05 Outobro Presidente CNRM no komandante FALINTIL Xanana Gusmao apresenta plano foun ba secretario geral ONU
12 Outobro Amo Papa João Paulo II Visita Timor leste. Iha visita Tasi Tolu nee akontese mos manifestasaun husi organisaun rede Clandestina.

1990 - Iha loron 23-28 Maio 1990 iha Aitana , CNRM halo enkontro ekstraordinario ba restruturasaun movimentu resistensia. Husi inkontro nee Xanana rejignaan husi Partido Fretilin, maibe kontinua asume komando FALINTIL no presidente CNRM. Husi enkontro nee forma Front Clandestina. Falintil rekonyese nudar Front Armada hodi halo gerilya kontra actividade tropas Indonesia nebe okupa Timor Leste. Front Clandetina organiza povu kontra actividade militar Indonesia nudar parte ida husi movimentu resistensia. Front ida seluk maka Front Diplomasia, hodi halao diplomasia iha rai liur ba Timor Leste nia ukun rasik an. Frente Clandestina kontinua halibur foinsae sira hodi halo manifestasaun pasifika.
11 Agosto Xanana Gusmao haruka karta ida ba Constansio Pinto atu juventude sira respeita desizaun komando da luta no evita manisfestasaun nebe la iha autorizasaun husi komando da luta.

1991- iha loron 28 Janeiro Forca Indonesia Kaptura Mau Hodu, Vice Secretario Comisaun diretiva FRETILIN
12 Novembro 1991 mosu akontese masacre boot iha Santa Cruz. Husi tragedia nee Timor Leste hetan atensaun boot husi mundo. Desde reestruturasaun foun Lider FALINTIL no CNRM barak mak mate, lakon no tun husi Foho to’o kapturasaun Xanana nian iha 1992.

1992- iha loron 20 Novembro 1992 Forca Indonesia kaptura Xanana Gusmao. Mau Huno husi Esterin Komite Fretilin kontinua lidera Falintil no CNRM to’o 05 Abril 1993.

1993- hafoin Forsa Indonesia kaptura Mau huno, Iha loron 25 Abril 1993 komando Falintil ho CNRM entrega ba Nino Koni Santana. Comandante FALINTIL, Nino Konis Santana kaer comando iha territorio laran i organiza estrutura resistencia foun.
21 Maio Xanana hetan sentensa cadeia to’o mate. Loron ikus sira muda fali sentensa ba tinan 20 iha cadeia.
Julho Autoridade Indonesia halo “conversasaun ba reconsiliasaun” maibe povo barak nunca simu.
05 Setembro Joven sira halo manifestasaun perante membros Congresso dos estados unidos nebe Vista Dili.
Dezembro “Conversasaun ba reconsiliasaun” halo iha London, hetan critica barak.

1994- iha Fevereiro Konis Santana reorganiza resistencia i chefia atu hahu operasaun ho escala boot.
11 ~13 Agosto Membros Parlamento Japaun nain lima visita oficialmente Timor Loro Sa’e. Novembro Baku malu entre imigrantes mai husi Indonesia ho Timor oan iha Becora.
12 Novembro Klosan Timor oan nain 29 tama iha Embaixada America iha Jakarta durante APEC (Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation Conference) halo reuniao iha Indonesia.

1995 – iha 1 Janeiro Besik emar 200 Timor oan baku malu ho tropa Indonesia iha Baucau, hahu husi discusaun entre emar rai nain ho imigrante ida husi Sulawesi.
3 ~ 5 Junho Hahu encontro AIETD (All-inclusive Intra East Timorese Dialogue) Nasoens Unidas maka esponsoriza, halo iha Austria.
29 Junho Chefe CEL/FC (Conselho Executivo da Luta / Frente Clandestina) Sabalae ho nia assistente lakon.
30 Junho Tribunal Justisa Internasional hakotu julgamento katak labele halo decisaun ba caso proseso judicial Portugal ho Australia kona ba Timor Gap.
14 Novembro Klosan 21 Timor oan tama ba Embaixada Japaun nian iha Jakarta iha tempo lolos APEC halo reuniaun iha Japaun.

1996- Pressão internacional. Iha 19 Marso Nasoens Unidas ajuda reuniaun AIETD ba dala rua iha Austria ba loron hira nia laran.
20 Agosto Funu entre FALINTIL (Comandante David Alex nia grupo) ho TNI (Tentara Nasional Indonesia) ema estrangeiro hasai filme ba dala uluk.
Outubro Premio Nobel Paz hakotu atu fo ba Amu Bispo Belo ho CNRM nia Espesial Representante José Ramos Horta.

1997- iha Marso Nasoens Unidas haruka Jamsheed Marker visita Xanana. I iha Timor Loro Sa’e, activista Timor oan baku malu ho autoridade Indonesia depois de nia visita.
25 Junho Tropa Indonesia kaer Comandante David Alex “Dai-Tula”. Problema nia mate ka moris sedauk loos.Presidente Africa do Sul Nelson Mandela hasoru Xanana.
20 ~ 23 Outubro Nasoens Unidas ajuda encontro ba dala tolu AIETD nebe halo iha Austria.

1998- iha Janeiro 1998 Indonesia nia osan Rupia tuun makaas. Crisis economia iha Indonesia.
11 Marso 1998 Comandante Nino Konis Santana mate tamba monu iha fatuk koak ka moras. Comandante Taur Matan Ruak, chefe EMF (Estado-Maior das FALINTIL), sai hanesan comandante iha rai Timor Loro Sa’e laran.
30 Marso Konis Santana nia mate anunsia husi radio Portugal programa internasional.
23 ~ 27 Abril Reuniaun Nasional Timor nian halo iha Peniche-Portugal. UDT simu partisipasaun CNRT(Conselho Nacional da Resistência Timorense). Presidente maka Xanana Gusmão i vice-Presidente maka José Ramos Horta.
21 Maio Soeharto sai husi nia posisaun hanesan Presidente. Hakotu tinan 32 nia ditadura. Habibie sai hanesan presidente foun Republica Indonesia.
9 Junho Presidente foun Habibie hatete sai katak governo Indonesia prepara atu fo Timor Loro Sa’e status foun “provincia especial” iha rai Indonesia nia laran.
12 Junho Estudantes Timor oan liu rihun ida halo demonstrasaun iha Ministro Negocios Estrangeiros nian oin iha Jakarta, la’e simu Habibie fo referendo i husik Xanana.
28 Julho Hanesan dalan ba paz husi Habibie, soldado Indonesia balu hahu dada sai husi Timor Loro Sa’e. Mai be liu tia, hanesan resultado, numero soldado Indonesia aumenta tan.
4 ~ 5 Agosto Conversasaun entre Ministro Negocios Estrangeiros Indonesia ho Portugal ho ajuda Secretario Geral Nasoens Unidas. Laiha acordo ida ba proseso referendo.
Outubro Tropa Indonesia hahu halao operasaun hasoru FALINTIL.
Fim de Outubro Nasoens Unidas halao reuniaun ba dala hat AIETD iha Austria
Novembro Iha reportagem katak acontece massacre iha Alas.
Fim de Dezembro Emar atus ida halo deslocasaun husi Alas ba Dili.

1999- Masacre Civil, iha 12 Janeiro Governo Australiano halo mudansa politica kona ba Timor Loro Sa’e, suporta Xanan nia libertasaun i referendo.
27 Janeiro Ba dala uluk governo Indonesia fo hatene Timor iha posibilidades ba ukun rasik an.
10 Fevereiro Xanana sai husi Prisaun Cipinang muda ba prisaun espesial.
5 Marso Xanana hasoru Secretaria Estados Unidos da América nian Madeleine Albright i husu referendo i suportasaun internasional.
11 Marso Ministro Negocios Estrangeiros Indonesia ho Portugal halo acordo atu halo referendo.
Abril Hahu hari milicia pro-integrasaun, organizado i hetan suportasaun husi militar Indonesia ho forsa halo acsoens violensias, emar barak mate i halo emar barak halai sai husi uma.
6 Abril Massacre iha Igreja Liquisa nudar testemunha emar mate atus rua liu.
5 Maio Indonesia, Portugal i Nasoens Unidas halo acordo atu halo referendum iha 8 de Agosto atu husik povo Timor decide simu ou la’e simu autonimia especial. Sira mos halo acordo katak Nasoens Unidas ho naran UNAMET (United Nations Assistance Mission in East Timor) hari i estado Indonesia responsabiliza sobre seguransa. Maibe ulun Resitensia Timor sira la’e simu katak Indonesia toma responsabilidade ba seguransa atu halo referendo i husu forsas armadas internasionais atu tau matan ba tropas Indonesia i milicias.
20 Maio UNAMET anunsia violensia husi milicia i husu atensaun ba Nasoens Unidas.
26 Maio Conselho Seguransa Nasoens Unidas preocupa sobre seguransa situansaun iha Timor Loro Sa’e.
3 Junho UNAMET loke nia ofisio.
25~30 Junho Conferensia entre CNRT (Xanana halo presensa) ho grupo pro-integrasaun halo iha Jakarta. Conferensia ne’e naran Dare ・ Paz i Reconsiliasaun. Ramos Horta halo visita ba dala uluk Jakarta iha tinan 24 nia laran.
4 Julho Ba dala uluk grupos armadas tiro Nasoens Unidas nia kareta iha Liquisa.
12 Julho Referendo adia tan semana rua.
16 Julho Hahu halo registrasaun ba referendo.
28 Julho Referendo adia tan dala ida i decide atu halo iha 30 de Agusto.
14 ~ 27 Agosto Campanhe ba referendo.
20 Agosto FALINTIL halo celebrasaun tinan 24 ba dala uluk iha acontonamento iha Waimori.
28 Agosto Iha Oe-Cusse (populasaun besik 58,000), milicia comesa halo destruisaun iha cidade. Populasaun barak emar obriga atu evacua ba Timor Loro Monu, lao hakur foho.
30 Augosto Referendo iha Timor Loro Sa’e tama ba historia. Emar tuir eleisaun besik 450,000. Emar halo parte to’o 98.6%.
4 Setembro Hatete sae resultado kona ba referendo. Vota ba ukun rasik an menan 78.5%. Vota ba autonomia menan 21.5%. Comunidade internasional aceita ukun rasik an ba Timor Loro Sa’e. Maibe grupo milicia pro-integrasaun hahu operasaun violensia ba emar ho cidade. Staf UNAMET i jornalistas sira halai. Populasaun besik 250,000 ~ 300,000 emar obriga atu halai sai ba Timor Loro Monu ho rai seluk husi Indonesia. Emar besik rihun ida mate. Timor Loro Sa’e hahu runguranga. Iha horas tolu dadesan populasaun barak maka halai ba Dare, Waimori, Bemos ho fatin seluk-seluk tan, durante semana tolu nia laran to’o INTERFET (International Force East Timor = Forsa Internasional ba Timor Loro Sa’e) tama iha Timor Loro Sa’e. Iha tempo neeba mos populasaun barak la lori bukae barak to’o loron bukae ne’e hotu populasaun tun mai Dili buka hahan ruma atu aguenta moris.
7 Setembro Xanana sai husi cadeia i hela iha Inglaterra nia Embaixada. Amu Bispo Belo evacua ba Darwin tanba indiscriminasaun violencia aumenta husi militar/milicias.
10 Setembro Tuir jurnal Portugues, Militar Indonesia oho Mau Hudo iha Batugade, maibe nia certeza seidauk loos.
12 Setembro Habibie simu tropas internasionais tama iha Timor Loro Sa’e depois de hetan presaun internasional, espesialmente husi America. Maibe husik hela pergunta boot ida nusa Uma Mutin (White House) hein atu fo pressaun ba Jakarta to’o milicias hakotu ho sira acsaun destruisaun.
14 Setembro Besik 1,500 staf Timor oan husi UNAMET, nebe halai ba Nasoens Unidas nia repartisaun semo ba Darwin.
15 Setembro Conselho Seguransa Nasoens Unidas hakotu atu haruka forsa multinasional ho tropa barak liu husi Australia ba Timor Loro Sa’e.
19 Setembro Loron ida ne’e, Xanana to’o iha Darwin husi Jakarta.
20 Setembro Primeiro grupo forsas multinasionais ho naran INTERFET to’o iha Dili.
28 Setembro Xanana iha Nova Yorke hasoru Secretario Geral Nasoens Unidas Kofi Annan.
Fim de Setembro Tiro malu entre INTERFET ho tropas pro-Jakarta iha fronteira.
1 Outubro 1999 Xanana ba Lisboa husi New Yorke ho aviaun Forsa Aerea Portuguesa.
6 Outubro Amu Bispo Belo fila fali ba Timor Loro Sa’e.
14 Outubro Xanana fila fali ba Darwin, depois de visita Dablin i Londres.
16 ~ 20 Outubro Conferensia CNRT iha Darwin, atu discuti estrategia foun.
18 Outubro FALINTIL husu lalais INTERFET haruka ba Oe-Cusse.
21 Outubro Xanana fila fali ba Timor Loro Sa’e desde emar kaer nia iha 1992.
22 Outubro Xanana koalia dala uluk ba povo iha Repartisaun Governador nian oin iha Dili i Taur Matan Ruak hamarik iha Xanana nia sorin. Iha Oe-Cusse INTERFET hahu ho operasaun.
24 Outubro Xanana visita Remexio segundo acontonamento FALINTIL nian, nebe dala ikus muda ba Aileu.
25 Outubro Conselho Seguransa Nasoens Unidas harii UNTAET (United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor = Nasoens Unidas nian Administrasaun Transitoria iha Timor Loro Sa’e). Sergio Vieira de Mello sai Secretario Geral Nasoens Unidas nian Representante.
31 Outubro Tropas Indonesia dada sai husi Timor Loro Sa’e, hakotu ocupasaun militar Indonesia iha Timor Loro Sa’e durante tinan 24 nia laran.
28 Novembro Primeiro Ministro Australiano John Haward visita Timor Loro Sa’e.
1 Desembro José Ramos Horta fila fali ba Timor Loro Sa’e ba dala uluk depois de tinan 24 nia laran.
17 ~ 18 Dezembro Nasoens Unidas, Banco Mundial ho Japaun organiza ba dala uluk reunaun ida nasoens doador iha Tokyo. Besik delegados 200 husi nasoens 50 ho organizasoens internasionais aceita fo ajuda besik US$520 milhoes iha tinan tolu ni laran atu reconstrui Timor Loro Sa’e. Xanana visita Tokyo iha loron 16 to’o 18 i husu comunidade internasional atu halo lalais acsaun atu intensifica produsaun alimento iha Timor Loro Sa’e.
20 Dezembro Xanana halo parte iha ceremonia Macau entrega fila fali ba China.
28 Dezembro Relasoens Diplomaticas entre Portugal ho Indonesia, nebe kotu tamba problema Timor Loro Sa’e iha tinan 24 nia laran, oficialmente restaura fila fali.


2000- iha 23 Janeiro Jaime do Los Santos, Oficial Militar Philipina, sai comandante PKF (Peace Keeping Force = Forsa Manutensaun Paz) iha Timor Loro Sa’e.
22 Janeiro UNTAET hakotu osan America (dolar) hanesan osan oficial durante periodo transisaun ne’e. CNRT simu decisaun ida ne’e.
9 Fevereiro Forsa Portuguesa tun iha Timor Loro Sa’e depois de 1975.
12 Fevereiro Presidente Portugal Jorge Sampaio visita Timor Loro Sa’e.
17 Fevereiro Secretario Geral Nasoens Unidas Kofi Annan visita Timor Loro Sa’e.
23 Fevereiro Comandante INTERFET Peter Cosgrove ho Representante Especial UNTAET Sergio Vieira de Mello ho Xanana hamotuk ho Amu Bispo Belo nia presensa halo assinatura iha cerimonia INTERFET entrega nia serviso ba UNTAET. INTERFET sai i PKF hahu ho operasoens.
29 Fevereiro Presidente Indonesia Wahid visita Timor Loro Sa’e i halo acordo atu estabelece amizade entre nasoens rua.
27 Marso UNTAET loke Academia Polisia Timor Loro Sa’e iha Dili ho candidato nain 50 hahu treino fulan tolu nia laran.
22 ~ 25 Abril Primeiro Ministro Portugal Antonio Guterres visita Timor Loro Sa’e ba dala uluk.
29 Abril Repartisaun Postal Dili hahu loke, oficialmente inaugura hahu serviso postal iha Timor Loro Sa’e, fo serviso postal hahu entre Dili ho Baucau, internasionalmente liu Darwin, Australia. Selo domestico folin 10¢ i selos internasinal folin 50¢ (centavo = osan Americano).
30 Abril Iha estadium municipal Dili, emar barak besik 70 ataca espetadores jogo futebol,
Maio nia klaran Udan boot. Iha Timor Loro Monu, povoasaun Betun besik fronteira, emar 5,000 liu afectuado tamba inundasaun. Refugiados Timor Loro Sa’e mate 100 liu. Iha Timor Loro Sa’e, Suai, Viqueque ho Baucau sofre tanba udan boot.
8 Junho Governador NTT (Nusa Tenggara Timur) Piet Tallo visita Timor Loro Sa’e atu koalia kona ba problema fronteira e problema refugiados nia.
20 Junho Iha fronteira Loro Monu, oficio Australia husi PKF hetan atake husi grupo milicia. Emar ida la hetan kanek.
24 Julho Soldado PKF husi Zelandia Foun, tinan 24, mate iha funu laran ho milicias iha Nana, kilometro ida husi fronteira, Suai Loro Monu. Ne’e caso ba dala uluk nebe PKF iha Timor Loro Sa’e mate iha funu laran.
25~26 Julho Iha reuniao ASEAN (Association of South East Asian Nations) nebe Xanana i Ramos Horta husi CNRT i Sergio Vieira de Melo husi UNTAET halo parte hanesan convidado, ASEAN iha vontade atu suporta reconciliasaun i reconstrusaun Timor Loro Sa’e.
20 Agosto FALINTIL celebra 25 aniversario iha Aileu, nebe comunidade internacional halo presensa iha cerimonia ne’e.
21~30 Agosto Congresso Nasional CNRT atu halo reorganizasaun i redefinisaun.
30 Agosto Hahu aniversario ba dala uluk referendo iha Timor Loro Sa’e.
4 Setembro Aniversario ba dala uluk anunciamento resultado referendo, nebe comemora hanesan loron vitoria ba independencia Timor Loro Sa’e.
6 Setembro Emar besik 5000 husi grupo milicia oho staf internacional nain tolu husi UNHCR iha Atambua, liu tia emar besik 400 serviso ba ajuda humanitaria ba refugiados sira sai husi Timor Loro Monu.
19 Outubro José Ramos Horta sai hanesan membro gabinete i responsabiliza ba Ministeiro Negocios Estrangeiros.
12 Novembro Comemorasaun aniversario “Massacre Santa Cruz” i delegasaun Conselho Segransa Nasoens Unidas to’o iha Dili halao visita loron hat iha Timor Loro Sa’e i Loro Monu.
21~23 Novembro Reuniaun nasoens doadores ba Timor Loro Sa’e iha Dili atu koalia kona ba Forsas Defesa Nacional.


2001- Guverno Provisório. Iha 5 Janeiro Amu Bispo nain rua mai husi Kupang ho’o Atambua mai hasoru amu Bispo Timor nian nain rua iha Dare Timor Loro Sa’e, atu koalia kona ba problema refugiado nian.
16 ~19 Janeiro Ministro Negocios Estrangerios Portugal nian, Jaime da Gama mai visita Timor Loro Sa’e. Ba visita Oe-Cusse, Aileu ho’o fatin seluk tan.
18 Janeiro Hosi 250 refugiados mai hare’e Timor Loro Sa’e nain 170 fila hikas ba Loro Monu. No’o mos hela deit nain 80 hela iha sira nian rain Timor Loro Sa’e.
22 Janeiro Presidente Brasil nian, Fernand Henrique Cardoso, visita Timor Loro Sa’e. Loron ida depois nia ba visita Jakarta atu hasoru ho’o Presidente Wahid ho’o vice-presidente Megawati atu koalia kona ba suporta Timor Loro Sa’e.
22 ~ 23 Janeiro Ramos Horta ho’o Mari Alkatiri ba visita Jakarta primeiro vez nudar sai hanesan membro gabinete transicional.
24 ~ 25 Janeiro Militar PKF Zelandia Foun kaer militia mane nain haat iha besik fronteira/balisa tamba prekupasaun kona ba problema iha Setembro 1999.
25 Janeiro Militia mane ida pro-Indonesia tinan 22, haruka tama tiha kadea to’o tinan 12 iha Tribunal Distrito Dili, tamba oho activista pro-Independencia iha Maliana, iha loron 8 Setembro 1999. Ema ne’e hatete katak Militar Indonesia fo’o “katana” ba nia atu oho ema ne’e be suporta independencia/ pro-independencia. Nune’e mos ida ne’e maka kaso primeiro kona ba militia nian.
1 Fevereiro FALINTIL tama ba forsa defesa nasional ho’o naran “Forças de Defesa de Timor-Leste” (FDTL). Taur Matan Ruak maka sai nudar brigadeiro general ba FDTL. Iha momento ne’e militar hamutuk 650. Ho’o maisomenus 750 ex-FALINTIL, membro ne’e be ke maka la tama ba FDTL kumesa fila fali ba sira nia uma.
5 Fevereiro Sasaun Televizaun Timor Loro Sa’e nian bolu/fo’o naran “Televizaun Timor Loro Sa’e”, kumesa halo ona programa, inclui mos ho’o programa BBC, Portugues, no’o mos programa notisias iha Tetun.
5~9 Fevereiro Ramos Horta foin maka primeira vez ba visita Alemanha. Guverno Alemanha promete atu fo’o suporta ba Timor Loro Sa’e.
22 Fevereiro Conselho Nasional dehan katak eleisaun ba Assembleia Constituinte tuir lo’os atu hahu iha loron 30 Agosto ho’o mos constituisaun ne’e hahu iha loron 15 Dezembro. Ro’o funu naran “Kristy Wilsbar” esquadra dahitu (yang ketujuh) nian sai tiha ona husi U.S.A. no’o mos to’o iha ponte kais Dili. Tuir hatete sai katak ro’o funu ne’e se hela iha ne’e loron tolu nia laran atu fo’o suporta ba humanitario.
24 Fevereiro Conflito ida naruk akontese iha Uai-tolari ho’o Viqueque tamba rai, kumesa iha ona prosseso resolve tuir regulamento ho’o planumento mediatasaun. Conflito hanesan ida ne’e atu hanesan fila fali problema originais nian hanesan tempu uluk iha 1940 henesan ne’e.
7 Marso Iha conferencia iha Dili, labarik Timor oan nain tolu atu tenta estraga Xanana kaer tiha ona. Iha Baucau, ema ataka kareta ida ne’e be lori governo transicional rejiaun Baucau, no’o mos sunu mesjid.
12 Marso Iha Viqueque, ema barak (grupo) sunu uma hamutuk sanulu, ema nain rua maka mate no’o mos ema nain 600 sai refugiados.
16 Marso Ema sira ne’e be iha direito atu ba vota kumesa registo ona iha Assembleia Constituinte iha loron 30 Agosto.
28 Marso Xanana nudar chefe Conselho Nasional resigna tiha ona. Conselho Nasional sai confusaun.
2 Abril Iha vila ida besik fronteira, talvez- militia sira maka tiru ema sira iha vila. Feto ida kanek liu tiha loron haat ema ne’e mate.
8 Abril Brigadeiro General Taur Matan Ruak ba visita Korea do Sul semana ida nia laran ho’o mos observa linha fornteira.
9 Abril Manuel Carrascalão maka sae chefe/lider foun iha Conselho Nasional.
30 Abril Iha Jakarta Utara tribunal distrik Indonesia hatama Eurico Guterres iha kadea ba fulan 6 nia laran.
7 Maio Comisaun Eleitiral Independente kumesa ona registu partido politico.
9 Maio Col. Andrew Pranket nudar membru ida husi departamento intelizen militar Australiana nian ne’e be mak serviso iha Timor Loro Sa’e, hatete sai ba compania publicasaun jornal ho’o estasaun Televizaun Australia nian, dehan katak Governo Australia la halo boat ida atu hapara masacre iha Maliana nebe akontece depois de referendum maiske Governo Australia hetan informasaun klaro kona ba atu sei iha akontese masacre iha neba. Ministro Negocios Estrangeiros Australia nian Alexander Downer nega kona ba buat hirak ne’e.
16 Maio Xanana ho’o Ramos Horta ba visita America loron 5 nia laran. Iha Washington D.C. sira hasoru malu ho’o Secretaria Estados Unidos da America nian Colin Powel. Governo Americano promete atu ajuda/suporta rai Timor Loro Sa’e. Iha Nova Yorke sira ba visita Nasoes Unidas. Ho’o mos iha loron 18 sira hasoru malu ho’o Henry Kissinger, ho’o mos secretariado estado, iha ne’e be maka fo’o “ahi oan verde” ba Indonesia atu ukun rai Timor Loro Sa’e iha tinan 1975.
29 Maio Iha fronteira Timor Loro Monu, granada rebenta. Ho resultado ema nain haat mate ho nain haat nulu maka kanek.
6 ~ 7 Junho Conferensia extraordinaria ba haketak an husi CNRT/CN. CNRT/CN ofisialmente hakotu ona.
9 Junho Ceremonia haketak an husi CNRT/CN.
21 Junho Ceremonia kona ba primeiro graduasaun ema ne’ebe maka simu treinu ba FDTL iha Aileu. Husi soldado hamutuk nain 650 ema nain 250 deit maka hetan posto.
23 Junho Registasaun kona ba ema ne’ebe ke bele vota atu remata iha loron 30 Agosto.
5 Julho Suat akordo kona ba desenvolvimento hamutuk mina ho gas nian iha area ida naran “Zone of Cooperation” (ZOC) Tasi Timor nian asina tiha ona entre Timor Loro Sa’e ho Australia. Timor Loro Sa’e sei simu 90% ho Australia simu 10% husi rikusia gas ho mina. Perguntas ida bo’ot tebe-tebes, tamba sa maka lideransa Timor sira nian simu area ZOC ne’e, tamba ZOC nian ne’e ilegal husi kontrato “Timor Gap Treaty” entre Indonesia ho Australia iha tempo ukupasaun Indonesia. Naran area nian deit troka husi ZOC ba “Joint Petroleum Development Area”(JPDA). Pergunta basico nian tamba Timor Loro Sa’e ho Australia nunka koalia kona ba fronteira tasi nian. Ida ne’e maka kontra Lei Internacional Tasi nian.
5~6 Julho Soldado FDTL sira lao to’o ba centro treino foun iha Matinaro.
8 Julho Ceremonia asina “Pacto de Unidade Nacional.” Partido politico hamutuk nain 14 husi 16. Sira halo juramento malu atu labele usa violencia ba campanha eleisaun. “Pacto de Unidade Nacional” condisaun ida ne’e atu haketak an husi CNRT/CN.
15 Julho ~ 28 Agosto Campanha ba eleisaun Assembleia Constituinte nian.
20 Agosto FALINTIL celebra 26 aniversario iha Dili. Soldado FDTL sira lao to’o ba Santa Cruz hosi Catedral.
30 Agosto Loron eleisaun atu hili membro Assembleia Constituinte. Ida ne’e mak primeiro eleisaun demokrasia iha Timor Loro Sa’e. Emar halo parte to’o 91.3%.
6 Setembro Hatete sae resultado kona ba eleisaun. FRETILIN menan 55 kadeira (64%) hosi 88.
FRETILIN (Frente Revolucionária de Timor-Leste Independente)―55,
PD (Partido Democrático)―7,
ASDT ( Associação Social-Democrata Timorense) ― 6,
PSD (Partido Social Democrata) ―6,
PPT (Partido do Povo de Timorense) ―2,
PDC (Partido Democrata Cristão) ―2,
UDT (União Democrática Timorense) ― 2,
KOTA (Klibur Oan Timor Aswa’in)―2,
PNT (Partido Nacionalista Timorense) ― 2,
UDC/PDC (União Democrática Cristã/Partido Democrata- Cristão de Timor) ―1,
PST (Partido Socialista de Timor) ―1,
PL (Partai Liberal) ―1, Independente―1.
15 Setembro Assembleia Constituinte kumesa ona halo constituisaun foun.
20 Setembro Sergio Vieira de Mello anuncia membro Gabinete transisaun segundo. Membro sira ne’e mak ema Timor.
11 Dezembro Assembleia Constituinte decide simu lian Portugues ho lian Tetun ba lian ofisial iha nasaun Timor Loro Sa’e.


2002- Independência definitiva, iha 28 Janeiro Xanana Gusmão visita Tokyo ho Okinawa iha Japaun loron lima nia laran.
4 Marso Militar Japones to’o iha Dili. Iha protesto contra militar Japones ida ne’e kona ba ocupasaun militar durante “Funu Segundo iha Mundo tomak.”
7 Marso Militia mane ida haruka tama tiha kadea to’o tinan 6 iha Tribunal Jakarta, tamba oho soldado PKF husi Zelandia Foun iha loron 24 Julho 2000.
15 Marso ~ 12 Abril Campanha ba eleisaun presidensial. Canditato Xanana Gusmão ho Francisco Xavier do Amaral.
19 Marso Caso kona ba masacre iha Suai, maka akontese iha loron 9 Setembro 1999, tama tiha ona ba Ad-hoc Tribunal Direitos Humanos nian iha Jakarta. Militar nain 5 ho Polisia, inclui mos Colonel Herman Sedyono. Iha tempo ne’e mak nudar hanesan administrador sub-distrito Covalima nian, maka akusado. Chefe ida husi TNI, Admiral Widodo Adisucipto ho General Endriartono Sutarto, mai iha tribunal nia laran, sira dehan sira mai atu hatudu sira nia “suporta moral” ba ema sira ne’e be akusa.
22 Marso Assembleia Constituinte halo resolusaun ba rascunho constituisaun foun. Vota ba “simu”―72, vota ba “la’e” ―14, ausente―2.
14 Abril Loron eleisaun presidential. Emar halo parte to’o 86.3%.
17 Abril Hatete sae resultado kona ba eleisaun prsidential. Votos hira Xanana nian 301,634 mak 82.69%, numero votos nian nudar % (porcentagem) votos total nian. Votos hira Xavier do Amaral nian 63,146 mak 17.31%.
17 Maio Conselho Seguransa Nasoens Unidas halo resolusaun ba organizasaun foun UNMISET (United Nations Mission of Support in East Timor = Nasoens Unidas Misaun ba Suporta Timor Loro Sa’e) mak UNTAET nia substituto.
20 Maio Loron ukun rasik an ba Timor Loro Sa’e. Juramento ba Presidente uluk Xanana i Primeiro Ministro uluk Mari Alkatiri. Assembleia Constituinte sai Parlamento Nasional no’o mos membro sira Assembleia Constituinte maka sai membro sira Parlamento Nasional. Presidente uluk Parlamento Nasional nian Francisco Guterres “Lú-Olo”. UNTAET ofisialmente hakotu ona. FDTL agora naran FALINTIL/FDTL.
17 Junho Presidente Xanana ho Ministro Negocios Estrangeiros José Ramos Horta visita Australia.
2 Julho Presidente Xanana visita Jakarta.
20 Agosto FALINTIL/FDTL celebra comemorasaun 27 aniversario FALINTIL nian iha plasa Palacio Governo, Dili.
27 Setembro Assembleia Geral Nasoens Unidas halo resolusaun ba Timor Loro Sa’e nia membro. Iha momento ne’e numero membro hamutuk Nasoens Unidas 191.
3 Dezembro Polisi kaer estudante iha escola, Dili. Estudante sira protest contra polisi ida ne’e. Polisi usa gas (lacrimogêneo) contra demonstrasi.
4 Dezembro Demonstrasi sai boot. Polisi tiru ba ema sira iha demonstrasi. Ema nain rua maka mate. Ema barak (grupo) iha demonstrasi ne’e usa violensia ba cidade. Grupo ne’e ataka edificio sira, inclui mos ho’o supermarcado “Hello Mister”, hotel “Loro Sa’e Dili Hotel” no’o mos uma nain rua familia Primeiro Ministro Mari Alkatiri nian.
14 Dezembro FALINTIL/FDTL foun 260 (feto 27) fo graduasaun ba“terseiru grupo”rekruta F/FDTL iha Metinaro. Ho nune’e agora Timor Loro Sa’e iha forsa besik 1,500 soldados.


2003- iha 4 ~ 5 Janeiro Grupo militia ataka populasaun iha Atsabe, ema nain tolu (haat) maka mate iha violencia ida. FALINTIL/FDTL ho PKF hahu operasaun iha Atsabe. F/FDTL kaer membro sira “Kolimau 2000.” Maibe comissario polisi Nasoens Unidas nian ho grupo NGO (Non-Governmental Organization) “Judicial System Monitoring Programme” critica ba F/FDTL nia operasaun, hatete katak iha possibilidade ba violensia contra humano direito. Brigadeiro General Taur Matan Ruak ho opiniaun publica acusa barak ba critica ida ne’e.
23 Janeiro Um padre timorense declarou um tribunal de Jacarta que slodados e polícias indonésios faziam parte do grupo que em Abril de 1999 atacou a igreja de Lquiçá, causando pelo menos 18 mortos. O depoimento foi feito por videconferência, a partir de Díli, para o tribunal especial de dereitos humanos de Jacarta.
25 Janeiro “Primeiro Diálogo Nacional 2003”. Debate entre FRETILIN ho CPD-RDTL.
24 Fevereiro Grupo militia ataka camiaun ho mini-bus iha Atabae, ema nain rua maka mate. Besik 300 soldados PKF nian hahu operasaun militar.
28 Fevereiro Telstra (companhia telefone hosi Australia) hakotu serviso ba emar Timor.
1 Marso Timor Telecom (companhia telefone foun Timor nian) hahu serviso iha rai Timor Loro Sa’e.
28 ~ 29 Abril CAVR (Comissão de Acolhimento, Verdade e Reconciliação de Timor Leste) loke Audiensia Publika Nacional “Feto Timor Leste Iha Konflito” iha Balide, Dili.
20 Maio Timor Loro Sa’e celebra primeiro aniversario ba loron ukun rasik an.
24 Maio “Segundo Diálogo Nacional 2003”. Debate kona ba “poders locais.
”28~29 Julho 2003 CAVR loke Audiensia Publika Nacional kona ba “MUDA OBRIGATORIO NO HAMLAHA” iha excritorio nasional CAVR.
20 Agosto FALINTIL/FDTL celebra comemorasaun 28 aniversario FALINTIL nian iha Waimori (ex-acantonamento FALINTIL nian).
19~21 Novembro 2003 CAVR loke Audiensia Publika Nacional kona ba “MASAKRE” iha Balide, Dili.
15~18 Dezembro 2003 CAVR loke Audiensia Publika Nacional kona ba “Konflitu Politik” 1974~1976” iha Balide, Dili.

2004- iha 23 ~ 26 Fevereiro 2004 Presidente Xanana visita ba Japaun ofisialmente.
2 Marso 2004 Kompanhia “Oceanic Exploration” tau kazu direitu explorasaun iha Tasi Timor ba tribunal Washinton D.C. iha U. S. A. “Oceanic Exploration” akuza “Conoco Phillips” (U.S. oil major), Governu Australianu, Governu Indonesia no Governu Timor Loro Sa’e tanba “Oceanic Exploration” nia kompanhia “Petro Timor” iha direitu exklusivu atu bele halo explorasaun rekeza natural iha Tasi Timor antes Indonesia tama Timor Loro Sa’e maibe agora ne’e “Petro Timor” nia direitu lakon ilegalmente. “Oceanic Exploration” reklama $30 bilioens hanesa indemnizasaun no katak Mari Alkatiri sumu ona osan $2.5 milioens husi “Conoco Phillips”. Mari Alkatiri nega.
15~17 Marso 2004 CAVR loke Audiensia Publika Nacional kona ba “Diretu Auto Determinasaun No Komunidade Internasional” iha ex-Comarca, Balide, Dili.
25 Marso 2004 Chefe Polisia China, Yang Juang, halo vizita iha Academia PNTL (Polisia Nasional Timor Leste), Comoro, atu hare derectamente kondisaun dezenvolvimentu Academia PNTL nian.
7 Abril 2004 Loron internacional ba “Refleksaun iha Genosidiu 1994”. Membros governo Timor Loro Sa’e, membros ONU no mos komunidade international hodi hanoin fali genocidio iha Rwanda, i halo um minuto de silencio. Genocidio iha Rwanda hahu iha 7 fulan Abril 1994, tinan sanulu liu ba, nebe halo ema Rwanda/Afrika nain 800,000 mate.
8 Maio 2004 A festa dos antigos combatantes e veteranos das FALINTIL iha eis Merkado Munisipil Dili. UDT serimonia aniversario ba hodi komemora loron fundasaun partidu ne’e iha dia 11 de Maio 1974.
14 Maio 2004 Conselho Seguransa ONU nian halo desizaun ba UNMISET atu hatutan nia misaun iha fulan neen nia laran.
15 Maio 2004 Presidente RDTL Xanana Gusmao no Presidente RI Megawati Soekarno Putri hasoru malu iha Hotel Patra Jaya Bali. Iha hasoru malu nee koalia kona ba raiketan TL-RI entre tasi nomos rai maran no koalia mos kona ba refujiado no buat seluk tan.
19 Maio 2004 Iha Heliport Dili, Representante ONU iha Timor Loro Sa’e, Kamalesh Sharma offisicalmente entrega poder seguransa ba governo Timor Loro Sa’e.
20 Maio 2004 Loron independensia Timor Loro Sa’e nian ba dala rua. UNMISET hatutan nia misaun iha fulan neen nia laran. Depois Hasegawa Sukehiro sai repersentante foun ba UNMISET.
29 Maio 2004 Presidente Xanana hasoru ho eis-general TNI Wiranto iha Bali. Enkontro ida ne’e fo preocupasaun boot ba ema barak tanba ema hotu-hotu hakarak justisa kona ba violasaun kontra humano direito.
3 Julho 2004 Cerimonia inaugurasaun “Ro Atauro Express” halao iha Porto Dili. “Ro Atauro Express” halo operasaun transporte ba Atauro no Oecusse hosi Dili. Ro ne’e hola hosi Japaun ofisialmente.
11 Julho 2004 Sensus Nacional hahu halao.
16 Julho 2004 Eis Governador Abilio Jose Osorio Soares tama iha prisaun Cipinang iha Jakarta hanesan kastigo nebe nia heta husi tribunal Ad-Hoc Jakarta nebe fo pena tinan tolu iha prisaun tamba hahalok kontra humanidade iha tinan 1999 hotu tiha referendo iha Timor Loro Sa’e. Maibe depois de fulan tulu, Abilio Jose Osorio Soares sai livre.
19 ~ 20 Julho 2004 Eis-komandante FALINTIL Regiaun ・ Ely Foho Rai Boot (L-7) halo manifestasaun iha Palacio do Governo nia oin. Manifetante sira (kuaze 200) husu ba governu atu troka Minitru Interior Rogerio Lobato i halo remodelasaun iha institusaun polisia nian. Polisia rega gas air mata ba manifestante sira. Polisia kaer manifestante kuaze 30.
20 Agosto 2004 Aniversario FALINTIL nian ba dala ruanulu resin sia. Cerimonia “fatuk uluk” (primeira pedra) ba konstrusaun cemiterio heroi nian iha Metinaro.
21 Agosto 2004 Dialogo Nacional entre governo ho memberos veteranos funu nian.
Setembro 2004 Sensus Nacional anunsia resultadu mediu katak numeru populasaun Timor Loro Sa’e nian 925,000.
12 Novembro 2004 Rai nakadoko akontese iha Dili. Qurtal geral F-FDTL nian nakadoko. Depois (iha Dezembro), F-FDTL troka sede qurtal geral husi Caicoli ba sede Tasi Tolu nebe tropas Japaun usa.
19 Novembro 2004 Ministeriu Edukasaun、Kultura, Juventude ho Desportu Timor Loro Sa’e nian fo sai nota-memorandu ida ― “Konselho de Ministrus aprova tiha ona Planu implementasaun kurríkulo Ensinu Primaríu nian iha fulan Outubro tinan 2004, no mós programa nebé aprovadu ona sei koko iha eskola-pilotu 32 iha distritu 13 nia laran, hosi 10 ano to’o 6o ano, hahu fulan Janeiro tinan 2005” i “ Religiaun disiplina fakultativa ida.”
19 Novembro 2004 UNMISET hatutan nia misaun iha fulan neen nia laran.
26 Dezembro 2004 Rai nakadoko boot doko Ache iha Sumatra, Indonesia i rai nakadoko ne’e hakiak Tsunami boot iha Tasi India nebe ataka populasaun barak haleu Tasi India. Dezastre natural nain rua oho ema bara-barak, tatalmente kala 300,000 mate. Iha Timor Loro Sa’e, populasaun hahu tauk Tsunami.

2005- iha 2 Janeiro 2005 Paniko akontece iha cidade Dili kalan. Ema laran foer habosok ba populasaun katak “tasi sae” (ou tsunami mai) i halo ema barak husik sira nia uma. Kala meio de cidadaun iha Dili halai ba buka fatin iha foho lolon nebe haleu Dili.
9~26 Janeiro 2005 “Operasaun Domin” hahu. Operasaun ne’e actividade ba solidariedade Timor Loro Sa’e nian ho vitima sira husi rai nakadoko/tsunami iha Ache, Sumatra. I operasaun ida ne’e kobra hanesan doasaun atu ajuda vitima sira iha Ache. Governu, jornarisita, estudante, ho selku-seluk tan hanesan voluntario halo kontribusaun.
18 Janeiro 2005 Um alegado miliciano pro-indonesio foi detido terca-feira pela policia timorense na sequencia de uma troca de tiros com autoridade. O detido, de 24 anos, integrava um grupo de seis pessoas referenciado pela população da aldeia de Atudara no sub-distrito de Cailaco, como membro das antigas milícias pro-Indonesia.
20 Janeiro 2005 Primeiru Ministru Mari Alkateri hateten katak, Governu prontu atu servisu hamutuk ho companha minarai Portugal (GALP) hodi opera iha Timor Leste nee, para nasaun rua bele hare asuntu mina ba futuru.
27 Janeiro 2005 Presidente Xanana visita ba Indonesia atu entrega kontribusaun husi “Operasaun Domin” ba Indonesian presidente Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. Kontribusaun nebe totalmente US$75,000.
1 Fevereiro 2005 Aniversario F-FDTL nian ba dala ha’at. Roque Rodrigues (Secretario de Estado da Defesa Timor Loro Sa’e) ho Jorge Neto (Secretario de Estado da Defesa Portugal) asina acordo kona ba cooperasaun militar foun nebee Portugal ajuda F-FDTL nafatin ho liu.
9 Fevereiro 2005 UPF (Unidade Pilicia Fronteira) kaer eis-milisia nain rua iha Distrito Maliana, sub-Distrito Balibo, suco Cowa.
17 Fevereiro 2005 Bispo nain rua, D. Alberto Ricardo da Silva (Bispo de Dili) ho D. Basilio do Nascimento (Bispo de Baucau) hasai Nota Pastoral nebe kestiona desizaun governo kona ba hanorin religiaun iha escola pubilica. Nota Pastoral dehan katak, por exzemplo, “hanorin Religiaun la bele fakulitativu deit, mai be obrigatoriu iha kurrikulu” i “Ami hakarak no hein katak Governu sei buka no hetan dalan ida nebe simu konsensu ema hotu nian molok atu la’o ba oin ho esperiensa-pilot ida ne’e.”
9 Marso 2005 Iha Jakarta, Presidente Xanana no presidente Susilo Bambang Yudoyono asina akordu kona ba kriasaun KVA (Kommisaun Verdade e Amizade) nebee sei investiga krime iha durante/depois referendo tinan 1999 iha Timor Loro Sa’e.
19 Marso 2005 Iha Atabae, juventude Katoliko husi parokia Balibo, Maliana, Bobonaro no Zumalai halo manifestasaun kontra desizaun governo nebe hasai materia religiaun hanesan facultativa husi obrigatoria iha edukasaun nasional wainhira Nunsiu Apostoliku (Nuncio Apostolico) Vaticano ba Indonesia ho Timor Loro Sa’e Arcebispo Marlcom Raamjiph ho Bispo Alberto Ricardo da Silva inaugura Igreja Atabae hanesan parokia foun. Juventude sira hakerek iha spanduk “Mate ka moris ami defende nafatin ami nia religiaun” ho seluk-seluk tan.
20 Marso 2005 Padre Domingos Soares ― nebe konhesido ho naran “Amo Maubere” ― hateten katak (ba journal “Timor Post”), maske Igreja ate agora seidauk simu resposta oficial husi governo kona ba Nota Pastoral nebe bispo nain rua fo’o ba governo. Igreja pronto atu hala’o dialgo, maibe se governo hakarak povo koalia rasik entaun bele koalia.
27 Marso 2005 Ministro Negosios Estrangeiros i Kooperasaun, Jose Ramos Horta, hato’o nia reasaun kontra Arcebispo Marcolm Raamjiph nia intervensaun relasiona ho governo nia posisaun kona ba materia religiaun iha escola publica.
29 Marso 2005 U.S. Navy Hospital Ship, Ro Marcy too tasi Dili husi operasaun humanitaria iha Ache, Sumatra. Spesialista medica Ro Marcy nian sei fo asistensia medika ba pasiente iha hospital nasional ho seluk tan durante loron haat.
31 Marso 2005 Ro Marcy fali hikasu urjenti ba Sumatra hodi ajuda vitima iha Nias tanba rai nakadoko akontece iha 28 Marso.
2 Abril 2005 (3 Abril iha oras Timor Loro Sa’e) Amo Papa João Paulo ・ mate.
5 Abril 2005 Wainhira membero nian tolu ONU komisaun especialista to’o aeroporto Comoro hodi investiga liu acusasaun krime kontra direito humano iha 1999, ema nain 100 halo manifestasaun i manifestante sira taka sira nia ibun ho hena metan nebe dehan katak “WE NEED JUSTICE”.Hesegawa Sukehiro, Reprezentante Especial ba Secretario Geral ONU nian dehan katak ONU sei hari’i nia misaun foun hodi fo’o asistensia ba governo Timor Loro Sa’e depois de 20 Maio 2005.
8 ~ 9 Abril 2005 Presidente Republik Indonesia Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono visita Timor Loro Sa’e. Governo Timor Loro Sa’e ho Indonesia halao asinatura ba acordo kona ba provisorio fronteira. Acordo ida ne’e hatan 96% determinasaun rai nia fronteira entre nasaun rua.
13 Abril 2005 Embaxador Kuwait iha Indonesia Mohammad Fadel Khalaf hasoru ho Presidenti Xanana Gusmao iha Palacio das Cinzas entrega karta kredensial ba Xanana no sai nudar Embaxador Kuwait iha Timor Loro Sa’e. Embaxador Kuwait ne’e foo hatene ba Xanana kona ba cooperasaun iha explorasaun mina rai.
18 Abril 2005 Membrus F-FDTL 150 resin arabka ba Iha Atauro hodi tuir treinamentu (durante loron 5) kona ba dezastre naurais hahesan rai nakdoko, tsunami no anin/udan bo’ot.
19 Abril 2005 Madre, padre, sarani ho juventude husi parokia Bobonaro, Suai, Liquiça no Atabae halo manifestaun pasifiku iha Palacio do Governo nia oin. Policia hasai manifestador sira (kala 2000) iha sorin. Coordenador manifestante Padre Domingos Soares (Amo Maubere) husu governo dialogo kona ba hanorin religiaun iha escola publica. Manifetante hakerek iha spanduk “POVU LA SIMU DITADOR ALKATIRI” i Igreja reklama resignasaun Primeiro Ministro Mari Alkatiri nian. Manifeatante ida ne’e sai continua tempo naruk. Manifestador mai husi district oi-oin no ninian numero sai boot. Polisia taka dalan ba manifestasaun iha Uma Fukun nia oin, Lecidere i manifestante sira organiza seguransa an hodi manten manifestasaun pasifiku.
22 Abril 2005 Presidente Xanana partisipa iha Konferensia Asia-Africa iha Jakarta.
30 Abril 2005 Comite Central FRETILN halao reuniaun i reconhece Mari Alkatiri nia posisaun.
28 Abril 2005 Konselho Seguransa Nasoens Unidos harii misaun foun iha Timor Loro Sa’e, naran UNOTIL (United Nations Office in Timor Leste), nebe serviso durante tinan ida.
3 Maio 2005 Policia fo ultimato ba manifestante Igreja nian atu sai husi fatin manifestasaun nia ne’e. Maibe policia hanaruk ultimato.
7 Maio 2005 Iha Palacio das Cinzas, representante Igreja Katplika D. Alberto Ricardo da Silva ho D. Basilio do Nascimento, representante Governo Primeiro Ministro Mari Alkatiri ho Presidente Xanana Gusmao nudar testemunha ida, asina Dekalarasaun Konjunta. Parte rua ― Igreja Katolika ho Governo ― konkorda hamutuk. Dekalarasaun Konjunta ida ne’e temi katak materira religiaun tenki tama iha kurikulo, kona ba frekuensia, sei deside iha oras materikula, tuir inan-aman nia opusaun livre. Manifestasaun boot teb-tebs remata.
8 Maio 2005 Manifestante sira ida-idak fila ba sira nia fatin.
11 Maio 2005 Governu Australia hasai avizo kona ba posibilidade ataka ka bomba terorista nian iha Dili. Por outra lado, policia kaer ema nain tolu ― eis-membro FALINTIL regiaun ・ nebe lori pistola ho ninian kolega nain rua ― besik Palacio do Governo.
12 Maio 2005 Konselho Superior Defesa ho Segransa hahu funsiona nudar Prezidenti Rebulika kona ba asuntus Defesa ho Soberania previstu iha konstituisaun ho sai nudar orgaun, tuir lei nebe Parlamentu Nasional aprova. Kompozisaun membrus Konselho Superior Defesa ho Segransa hamutuk nain 9 mak, Primeiru Ministru Dr. Mari Alkatiri, Ministru Negosiu Estranjeiru no Koperasaun Dr. Ramost Horta, Ministru Justisa Dr. Domingos Maria Sarmento. Ministru Interior Rogerio Lobato, Sekretariu Estadu Defeza Dr. Roque Rodrigues, Kimandante F-FDTL Brigadeiru General Taur Matan Ruak, Komandante PNTL Superintendente Paulo da Fatima Martins, Chefi Nasional Seguransa Estadu Ir. Ricardo Ribeiro.
18 Maio 2005 Governu Timor Loro Sa’e no Representante Especial ba Secretario Geral Nasoens Unidos nian iha Timor Loro Sa’e Hasegawa Sukehiro asina akordu kona ba pisisaun UNOTIL nian.
20 Maio 2005 Loron independensia Timor Loro Sa’e nian ba dala tolu. Militantes ho simpatisantes FRETILIN kuaze 7000 nebe mai husi distritu oin-oin marsa iha Dili.
3 Junho 2005 Hasegawa Sukehiro nebe nafatin Representante Espesial Sekretariu Genral ONU nian no mos sai representante.
21 Junho 2005 Pierre-Richard Prosper, Estadus Unidus da Amerika Ambassador-at-Large kona ba Kazu Funu Crimes halo visita mai Timor Loro Sa’e atu rona opiniaun kona ba justisa husi Timorenses representante oin-oin. Amerika hatudu nia posisaun positivo kona ba Internasional Tribunal.
27 Julho 2005 Primeiru Ministru Mari Alkateri ofisialmente anunsia estrutura foun governu nian, aumenta ministeiru foun lima. Gabinet foun nia pozisaun 41.
1 Agosto 2005 Anunsia naran memberus KVA (Kommisaun Verdade e Amizade) - nain lima husi Timor Loro Sa’e ho nain lima seluk husi Indonesia.
11 Agosto 2005 Iha Bali-Denpasar, Presidente Indonesia Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono no Presidente Timor Loro Sa’e Xanana Gusmao hahu KVR ofisialmente.
20 Agosto 2005 F-FDTL hala’o seremonia ba aniversario FALINTIL nian ba dala 30 iha Oe-Cusse.

Fontes dadus hirak nee foti husi sitiu : Timor Leste (Memoria ) http://amrtimor.org/ nomos sitiu seluk nebe relevante ho Istoria Timor Leste ninian.

Restaurasaun RDTL ba dala 7


Parabens aniversario Restaurasaun independensia RDTL ba dala 7. Atu hametin hikas ita nia espiritu nasionalismo ita tenki kaer metin ba Istoria luta ukun rasik an. tuir mai ita bele hare Historia Timor durante restaurasaun Independensia ho versaun Portugues.

De acordo com alguns antropólogos, um pequeno grupo de caçadores e agricultores já habitava a ilha de Timor por volta de 12 mil anos a.C. Há documentos que comprovam a existência de um comércio esporádico entre o Timor e a China a partir do século VII, ainda que esse comércio se baseasse principalmente na venda de escravos, cera de abelha e sândalo, madeira nobre utilizada na fabricação de móveis de luxo e na perfumaria, que cobria praticamente toda a ilha. Por volta do século XIV, os habitantes de Timor pagavam tributo ao reino de Java. O nome Timor provem do nome dado pelos Malaios à Ilha onde está situado o país, Timur, que significa Leste[1].
O primeiro contato europeu com a ilha foi feito pelos portugueses quando estes lá chegaram em 1512 em busca do sândalo. Durante quatro séculos, os portugueses apenas utilizaram o território timorense para fins comerciais, explorando os recursos naturais da ilha. Díli, a capital do Timor Português, apenas nos anos 60 do século XX começou a dispor de luz elétrica, e na década seguinte, água, esgoto, escolas e hospitais. O resto do país, principalmente em zonas rurais, continuava atrasado.
Após a Revolução dos Cravos, o governo português decidiu abandonar a ilha em agosto de 1975, passando o poder à FRETILIN (Frente Revolucionária de Timor-Leste) que proclamou a república em 28 de Novembro do mesmo ano. Porém, a independência durou pouco tempo. O general Suharto, governante da Indonésia, mandou tropas do exército invadirem a ilha. Em 7 de Dezembro, os militares indonésios desembarcavam em Díli, ocupando brevemente toda a parte oriental de Timor, apesar do repúdio da Assembléia-Geral da ONU.
A ocupação militar da Indonésia em Timor-Leste fez com que o território se tornasse a 27.ª província indonésia, chamada "Timor Timur". Uma política de genocídio resultou num longo massacre de timorenses. Centenas de aldeias foram destruídas pelos bombardeios do exército da Indonésia, sendo que foram utilizadas toneladas de napalm contra a resistência timorense (chamada de Falintil). O uso do produto queimou boa parte das florestas do país, limitando o refúgio dos guerrilheiros na densa vegetação local.
Entretanto, a visita do Papa João Paulo II a Timor-Leste, em outubro de 1989, foi marcada por manifestações pró-independência que foram duramente reprimidas. No dia 12 de Novembro de 1991, o exército indonésio disparou sobre manifestantes que homenageavam um estudante morto pela repressão no cemitério de Santa Cruz, em Díli. Cerca de 200 pessoas foram mortas no local. Outros manifestantes foram mortos nos dias seguintes, "caçados" pelo exército da Indonésia.

Manifestação contra a ocupação indonésia de Timor-Leste, na Austrália
A causa de Timor-Leste pela independência ganhou maior repercussão e reconhecimento mundial com a atribuição do Prêmio Nobel da Paz ao bispo Carlos Ximenes Belo e José Ramos Horta em outubro de 1996. Em julho de 1997, o presidente sul-africano Nelson Mandela visitou o líder da FRETILIN, Xanana Gusmão, que estava na prisão. A visita fez com que aumentasse a pressão para que a independência fosse feita através de uma solução negociada. A crise na economia da Ásia no mesmo ano afetou duramente a Indonésia. O regime militar de Suharto começou a sofrer diversas pressões com manifestações cada vez mais violentas nas ruas. Tais atos levam à demissão do general em maio de 1998.
Em 1999, os governos de Portugal e da Indonésia começaram, então, a negociar a realização de um referendo sobre a independência do território, sob a supervisão de uma missão da Organização das Nações Unidas. No mesmo período, o governo indonésio iniciou programas de desenvolvimento social, como a construção e recuperação de escolas, hospitais e estradas, para promover uma boa imagem junto aos timorenses.
Desde o início dos anos 90, uma lei indonésia aprovava milícias que “defendessem” os interesses da nação, no Timor-Leste, o exército indonésio treinou e equipou diversas milícias, que serviram de ameaça contra o povo durante o referendo. Apesar das ameaças, mais de 98% da população timorense foi às urnas no dia 30 de agosto de 1999 para votar na consulta popular, e o resultado apontou que 78,5% dos timorenses queriam a independência.
As milícias, protegidas pelo exército indonésio, desencadearam uma onda de violência antes da proclamação dos resultados. Homens armados mataram nas ruas todas as pessoas suspeitas de terem votado pela independência. Milhares de pessoas foram separadas das famílias e colocadas à força em caminhões, cujo destino ainda hoje é desconhecido (muitas levadas a Kupang, no outro lada da ilha de Timor, pertencente a Indonésia). A população começou a fugir para as montanhas e buscar refúgio em prédios de organizações internacionais e nas igrejas. Os estrangeiros foram evacuados, deixando Timor entregue à violência dos militares e das milícias indonésios.
A ONU decide criar uma força internacional para intervir na região. Em 22 de setembro de 1999, soldados australianos sob bandeira da ONU entraram em Díli e encontraram um país totalmente incendiado e devastado. Grande parte da infra-estrutura de Timor-Leste havia sido destruída e o país estava quase totalmente devastado. Xanana Gusmão, líder da resistência timorense, foi libertado logo em seguida.
Em abril de 2001, os timorenses foram novamente às urnas para a escolha do novo líder do país. As eleições consagraram Xanana Gusmão como o novo presidente timorense e, em 20 de Maio de 2002, Timor-Leste tornou-se totalmente independente.
Em 2005, a cantora colombiana Shakira gravou uma música-protesto intitulada de "Timor". A música, escrita e composta pela cantora, fala de como a comunicação social ocidental deu importância ao caso da independência de Timor-Leste há alguns anos, e como agora essa mesma comunicação social, televisões e rádios já não se interessavam por este país.
Em 2006, após uma greve que levou a uma demissão em massa nas forças armadas leste-timorenses, um clima de tensão civil emergiu em violência no país. Em 26 de Junho o então primeiro-ministro Mari Bin Amude Alkatiri deixou o cargo, assumindo interinamente a coordenaria ministerial José Ramos Horta, que, em 8 de Julho, foi indicado para o cargo pelo presidente Xanana Gusmão, pondo termo ao clima vigente.
A situação permanece razoavelmente estável devido à intervenção militar vinda da Malásia, Austrália, Nova Zelândia e à pressão política e militar de Portugal que tenta apoiar Timor-Leste no seu desenvolvimento.
José Ramos Horta era apontado pela imprensa portuguesa como um dos sucessores de Kofi Annan no cargo de secretário-geral da ONU. Ramos Horta não confirmou o seu interesse no cargo, mas também não excluiu a hipótese.
Na segunda volta das eleições de 9 de Maio de 2007, Ramos-Horta foi eleito Presidente da República, em disputa com Francisco Guterres Lu Olo, sucedendo a Xanana Gusmão no cargo.
A 6 de Agosto de 2007, José Ramos-Horta indica Xanana Gusmão, ex-presidente da república, como 4º primeiro-ministro da história do país sucedendo a Estanislau da Silva. Xanana Gusmão, líder do renovado CNRT, apesar de 2º classificado nas eleições legislativas de Junho com 24,10% dos votos (atrás dos adversários da FRETILIN de Francisco Lu-Olo), alcançou uma série de acordos pós-eleitorais com as restantes forças políticas da oposição que conferem ao seu governo um estatuto de estabilidade.
Em 11 de Fevereiro de 2008 Ramos-Horta sofreu um atentado perto da sua casa em Díli. Neste atendado, os guardas de sua casa mataram o ex-oficial do Exército de Timor-Leste, Alfredo Reinado (rebelado desde maio de 2006), acusado perante a Corte Suprema do país de homicídio, após a onda de violência causada por sua expulsão do exército junto com 598 outros militares por desobediência.
O mesmo grupo também é acusado de efetuar disparos contra a residência do primeiro-ministro do país, Xanana Gusmão, mas nada foi esclarecido ainda em relação a este segundo ataque, que não deixou vítimas.


tuir mai rezumu iha Lian Melayu


Abad ke-16: Kedatangan kaum Portugis
1902: Pembagian Timor antara kaum Portugis dan Belanda secara definitif
1975: Timor Portugis ditelantarkan Portugal yang dilanda Revolusi Anyelir
1976: Penyatuan dengan Indonesia, menjadi Provinsi Timor Timur
1976 - 1980: Perang saudara; konon sekitar 100.000 - 250.000 orang tewas
1991: Insiden Santa Cruz
1999: Referendum pemisahan diri Timor Timur diizinkan presiden B. J. Habibie
1999: Kerusuhan besar-besaran antara pro- dan anti-kemerdekaan dan pengungsian warga Timor Timur
2002: Terbentuknya negara Timor Leste
2006: Sepertiga mantan tentara nasional Timor Leste memberontak menuntut keadilan; pecah konflik antara pihak polisi yang mendukung pemerintah dengan pihak militer

Liberdade Imprensa iha Timor-Leste


Selebrasaun Loron Mundial Liberdade Imprensa iha Timor Leste halao ho sosializasaun Estrada Avenida Liberdadae imprenssa hahu husi rotunda ex Mercado Municipal ba to’o iha Becora. Objetivo husi sosializasaun naran Avenita Liberdade Imprensa nee tamba ema barak mak seidauk hatene naran nee no sei uza Estrada 15 Outobro Audia. Avenida Liberdade da Imprenssa Inagura husi matebian Sergio Viera de melo iha tinan 2000 hodi fo honra ba jornalista sira nebe mate tamba deit luta ba liberdade imprensa nian hodi fahe informasaun bam undo tomak.
Asosiasaun Jornalista Timor Leste/ AJTL, Sindikatu Jornalista Timor-Leste/SJTL, Asosiasaun Radio Komunidade Timor-Leste/ARKTL, Timor-Leste Photographers Association/TiLPA, Centru ba Jornalista Investigativu Timor-Leste/CJITL hamutuk ho Sentru Internasional ba Jornalistas/ICFJ. Iha Domingu lorokraik hala’o selebrasaun loron ne’e hamutuk ho lider balun nasaun ne’e no diplomata sira. Programa nee hala’o iha Jardin Serveja, Beer Garden Otel Turismo Bidau Lecidere. Hotel turismo sai hanesan fatin ba Jornalista sira tamba iha konsulta popular 1999 jornalista sira barak mak hela iha fatin refere hodi halo kobertura ba akontesimento hotu relasiona ho liberdade imprensa , nune’e bele haklaken informasaun ba mundo tomak...

Loron Mundial ba Trabalhadores 1 Maio


Ohin loron inportante ba trabalhador sira iha mundo tomak. Timor Leste parte ida mos husi Rai klaran nee mak komemora loron Trabalhador nee. komemorasaun loron trabalhador iha Dili kapital Dili simples deit. Loza hotu taha, maske iha kios sira balun loke no komapnia balun sei kontinua servisu, sira la hatene karik ou sira la fo valor ida ba trabalhador sira atu dignifika netik trabalhador sira nia servisu. Hanesan tinan-tinan movimento trabalador nebe hamahan an iha sindikatu trabalhadores Timor Leste sempre manifesta konaba ezizensia trabalhador ninian, maibe trabalhador rasik nebe durante nee simu konsekuensia konaba knar ninian nonok deit. Sexta ohin Sindikatu Trabalhadores Timor Leste halibur an iha Kampus Lama UNTL Caicoli hodi halao orasi nomos pawai haleu Dili hamutuk ho estudante Universitario sira. ema wain mak partisipa iha pawai nee. Kazu boot ida nebe levanta iha orasi no pawai nee maka konaba salario ka vensimento minimu ba trabalhador (upah minimun,red) ba servisu nain sira, liu-liu sira nebe hein loza no servisu buruh kasar, tamba vensimentu nebe sira simu la tuir estandartu internasional konaba trabalhador ninian. Lian mak husu ida mak nee, saida mak ita hotu hanesan knaar nain sei halo ba ita nia an rasik se , ema sira nebe fo knar ba ita no orgaun soberania sira nebe representa ita iha legislativu nian nonok deit ho ita ninia preokupasaun. demo deit ??? susar oituan karik, nee duni presiza iha aprosimasaun nomos tenki iha konsensu ho parte hotu atu bele hetan solusaun.

Quo Vadis Trabalhador Timor Leste?Situasaun Real nebe Trabalhador Timor oan sira hasoru
Iha Area Relasaun Trabalho, oras ne’e daudaun Timor Leste foin mak iha deit Kódigu Laboral (undang-undang perburuhan) ida nebe mak regula deit konaba prinsípius fundamentais iha relasaun trabalho, inklui mos direitus fundamentais balun ba trabalhador sira no asuntu administrasaun iha relasaun trabalho ne’e rasik. Em prinsípio, ita bele dehan katak Kódigu Laboral nebe ita iha, fo atensaun maka’as ba proteksaun direitus baziku ba trabalhador sira.Maibe problema bo’ot nebe trabalhador sira hasoru mak ne’e: guvernu, liu-liu Diresaun Nasional ba Relasaun Trabalho (Depnaker) no Direisaun Nasional ba Inspeksaun iha Sekretaria Estadu nebe kompetente, la-iha seriedade atu impelementa Kódigu ne’e (weak on law enforcement).Tan fraku iha implementasaun lei ne’e mak halo trabalhador sira hetan nia konsekuênsia hodi sai vitima iha relasaun trabalho (esplorasaun no violasaun ba direitus trabalhador sira nian). Esplorasaun no violasaun hirak ne’e mak hanesan:
1. Patraun sira dala barak hapara trabalhador sira la-tuir lei, maibe tuir deit sira nia gostu (mai tarde dala ida deit ka la-tama servisu loron ida deit, patraun sira hapara kedan).
2. Wainhira trabalhador sira hetan moras iha servisu fatin liu loron.
3, patraun sira la-selu, no to’o ikus patraun sira hapara deit3. Wainhira trabalhador sira organiza a’an iha sindikatu hodi koalia konaba ba proteksaun ba sira nia direitus no intereses, patraun sira hapara tiha.
4. Patraun sira barak mak wainhira haruka trabalhador sira servisu liu oras, maibe la-selu osan extra nian, tuir lei haruka.
5. La- fo horas deskansa sufisiente ba trabalhador sira (han meiu dia)
6. Servisu todan, maibe selu osan oitoan deit no diskriminasaun oi-oin nebe halo ba trabalhador sira iha sira nia kompanyia, inklui mos tratamentu injustisa ba trabalhador feto sira.
Hahalok sira hanesan ne’e hatudu momos violasaun ba Konstituisaun RDTL artigu 50-52, no Kódigu Laboral nebe regula konaba prinsipius fundamentais no direitus baziku trabalhador sira nian.Wainhira kazu hirak hanesan temin iha leten mak trabalhador sira lori direitamante ba ‘depnaker’ nebe nudar orgaun nebe neutro no kompetente, iha prosesu mediasaun ka konsiliasaun, invez de halo mediasaun tuir lei ka fo konsiliasaun tuir lei, maibe dala barak liu apoia fali desizaun patraun sira nian nebe halo la-utir lei. Ida ne’e fo vantajem maka’as ba patraun sira hodi kontinua halo esplorasaun no violasaun pior liu tan ba trabalhador sira.Wainhira diresaun inspeksaun ba halo inspeksaun iha kompanyia sira konaba kondisaun servisu, dala barak liu mak sira ba hasoru deit patraun sira, maibe la-koalia ho trabalhador sira. Nune’e kondisaun servisu nebe mak a’at ona, sai a’at liu tan, nunka iha mudansa diak.Nudar temin ona iha leten katak Kódigu Laboral nebe dadaun ne’e Timor Leste iha, regula deit prinsipius fundamentais no direitus baziku ba trabalhador sira no administraun iha area relasaun trabalho, Maibe Timor Leste la-dauk iha lei ka regulamentu seluk nebe koalia konaba asuntu espesifiku sira hanesan:
1. Trabalhador Migrante
To’o agora Timor Leste la-dauk iha lei espesifiku ida atu regula konaba trabalhador migrantes/’pekerja asing’ (hirak nebe tama no hirak nebe sai). Tan lei ne’e la-iha mak fo vantajem ba ema estranjeirus sira hodi tama nab-naban mai Timor Leste hodi hadau fali oportunidade husi emar Timor oan sira. Ema be dasa rai, kahur masa, fa’an sasan iha dalan, hein labarik, tein hahan simples mos mai hotu husi rai liur. Bainhira los mak ita bele halakon numeru dezempregu nebe liu ona 60%?, bainhira mak estadu bele hamenus kiak iha Ita nia rai doben Timor Leste wainhira nia sidadaun rasik la-hetan asesu ba empregu? Tan numeru dezempregu nebe a’as liu, no frakeza iha implementasaun ba Kodigu Laboral, mak loke dalan liu tan ba emprezariu sira atu marjinaliza trabalhador Timor oan sira.
2. Seguransa, Hijiene no Saude iha servisu fatin (kesehatan & keselamatan kerja)
Asuntu ida ne’e liga direitamente ho vida (fiziku) trabalhador sira nian. Tan lei ne’e la-dauk iha mak wainhira trabalhador sira moras iha servisu fatin no hetan dezastre ruma iha kompanyia laran (work related accident), kompanyia sira la-responsabiliza. Iha asidente lubun ida mak akontese ba trabalhador Timor oan sira, hanesan liman, ain tohar, moras grave no trabalhador balun mate iha servisu fatin, mas kompanyia la-hanoin atu konsidera tuir valor humanu, no guvernu mos nonok deit. Wainhira mosu kazu hanesan ne’e, patraun dehan ‘imi Timor lei konaba ba ida ne’e la-iha’ no husi parte guvernu nian hateten katak problema hanesan ne’e susar atu rezolve tan ita sei-dauk iha lei konaba ida ne’e. Nune’e, sindikatu mak dala barak tenta nafatin hodi halo mediasaun bipartida tanpa involvimentu guvernu nian, konsege rezolve, hodi fo kompensasaun ruma ba trabalhador nebe sai vitima iha kondisaun servisu nebe la-seguru.
3. Seguransa Social
Asuntu ida ne’e iha ligasaun maka’as ho asuntu ‘kesehatan & kesehatan kerja’. Timor Leste ate agora la-dauk iha sistema.

........Viva trabalhador Timor-Leste, viva Trabalhador hotu iha Rai Klaran.......

Lian tetum

Ksolok tebes wainhira rona katak oragaun Soberania-Igreija iha ona diskusaun ba Otografia Lian tetum. iha sexta 05 Desembro ne'e Parte Igreja (Pe.Leao da Costa/representa igreja) ho estadu Timor Leste halao inkontru hamutuk iha palasio presidente Farol Dili halo diskusaun atu desemvolve otografia lian tetum sai padraun ida deit. Diretur Instituto Nasional Ligusitica (INL) Benjamin Cortereal hateten objetivo husi inkontro ne'e atu desemvolve lian tetum tamba iha Timor Leste Igreja mosinvolve makas hanorin estudante sira. tuir informasaun nebe iha katak Guverno aloka 3 miloens ba formasaun kapasitasaun atu desemvolve lian tetun ne'e.

Viva Falintil

Parabens aniversario Falintil ba dala 33

A Traveller's Dictionary in Tetun-English and English-Tetun from the Land of the Sleeping Crocodile East Timor

A Traveller's Dictionary in Tetun-English and English-Tetun from the Land of the Sleeping Crocodile East Timor
by Cliff Morris

CONTENTS
Introduction

First published in 1992 by Baba Dook Books 3 Hoadley Ave Frankston, Australia 3199
First Internet version distributed in November 2003. (http://au.geocities.com/lev_lafayette/morris.html)

ISBN 959 1922 2 0

Printed by Photo Offset Productions, Fitzroy 3065

INTRODUCTION
All text following this introduction is a near-exact transcription of Cliff Morris' 1992 Traveller's Dictionary in Tetun-English and English-Tetun. There have been some very minor editing changes to some obvious errors which is inevitable when an individual is author, editor and responsible for publication. For example, in the original page 67 of the booklet, the word 'window' is denoted as being from Portuguese origin, when it is clear that what was meant was the word 'DINELA'. Less obviously to those unfamiliar with Tetun was the accidental dropping of the final 'k' in 'HAKARAK' on the first phrase on page 73.

As Mr. Morris will state, this is a book that primarily deals with what he calls the Tetun-Los dialect, which he differentiates from Tetun-Prasa, Tetun-Terik and Tetun-Belu. Contemporary linguists knowledgeable in the field of the languages of Timor are mainly of the opinion that Tetun-Terik and Tetun-Los are actually one and the same, whereas Tetun-Belu refers to the western dialect, split by the former Portuguese - Dutch (and now Timor Leste - Indonesia) border. As would be expected the Tetun-Belu dialect includes a larger number of Bahasa Indonesian loanwords, whereas Tetun-Prasa has a large number of words with Portuguese origin. Whilst visitors to East Timor with a European heritage will find the Tetun-Prasa version easier, especially if they have familiarity with any of the Romance languages, use of the alternative Tetun-Terik words is met with pleased recognition.

Language is the foundation of cultural identity, the mutual recognition of symbolic values and, often overlooked, the metaphorical connections between different symbolic values creating a narrative of meaning. It is not too much to suggest that when a language dies, a culture dies and often all that remains is a lingering memory often encapsulated in a handful of words and phrases and some behavioural mores. In this perspective, the newly re-established Democratic Republic of Timor Leste has seen fit to establish Tetun as a national language, although standardised spelling and grammar are still a matter of some debate. A visitor to East Timor will notice significant variation, of which what is provided in Mr. Morris' book is but one example.

It is very unfortunate that Cliff Morris', who died on October 5, 1998, never saw the re-establishment of an independent East Timor. Mr. Morris' interest in East Timor dates back to the second world war in 1942 when Australia placed commandos there (under protest from neutral Portugal) to establish links with potential local resistance and to distract Imperial Japan's moves towards Australia. In a sense the plan worked as the Japanese soon followed the Australian invasion, resulting in a massive loss of life to the Timorese as fighting broke out. Mr. Morris was part of the 2nd/4th Independent Company of Commandoes from September 1942 to January 1943. Following the Indonesian invasion in 1975, Mr. Morris recalled his debt and agitated for basic medical supplies and self-determination for the Timorese people for the rest of his life. In addition to this phrasebook, he also published a more complete dictionary and a book of Timorese mythic tales in Tetun and English.

This transcription has been undertaken for free distribution under the GNU Public License over computer mediated communications. As the world's newest nation is re-established it also comes at a time when the world is adopting a new means of communication, a technology which may prove to be as powerful as the invention of movable type print. It is important under such circumstances that others in the world are provided the opportunity to learn about the East Timorese cultures and to learn the language of this extraordinarily stoic, resiliant and caring people.

This work was conducted in September and October of 2003, the last weeks of working with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation of the Democratic Republic of East Timor, and the first weeks of my return to Australia. The text-editing packages GEdit and KWrite were used under the Red Hat and Mandrake distributions of the Linux operating system. At the time of publication it is the largest online Tetun dictionary.

I give my most sincere thanks to Celastina and Nona of Kuintaal Kiik, Santa Cruz for helping me understand the Tetun language with patience and humour and to Erica Hoehn for proofreading and other assistance in transcription. Thanks is also given to Liza Dezfouli for giving me a copy of the dictionary in the first instance. In addition to the transcription, I also provided the xhtml coding.

Lev LafayetteMelbourne, Australia, October 2003

Cliff Morris went to East Timor as a twenty year old soldier during 1942 where he learned about the complexities of the Animist religion and to admire the Timorese people for their common human concern for all people. On visiting the island in 1973 accompanied by his son Peter, he learned how the friendship so freely given in 1942 had cost the people very dearly in the revenge carried out by the Japanese, after the departure of the Australian troops.

He resolved to commit his life to do something of everlastng good for the people. For ten years he struggled to completing a 10,000 word Tetun-English dictionary from his own fading memory, then with the help of Paulo Quintao da Costa who authenticated the word list, it was finally published by the Australian National University in 1984 as a memorial to all those who lost their lives in Timor in the war against the Japanese. In 1983 he travelled Australia looking for people who were well versed in the story telling of the Animist religion and from this work produced a small book containing some of the village stories and poems to save them from being lost as they are probably no longer told in their country of origin.

Tetun is spoken over the whole of Timor in varying degrees of expertise and a number of regional dialects, but this dictionary is based on TETUN-LOS, because this is the dialect I learnt as a soldier in East Timor during the Second World War. This dictionary has been produced to assist travellers to East Timor, as a means of better communication with the localpopulation. While Indonesian is the language now officially spoken and taught within the areas, Tetun has remained as the language for communication among the local populace.

All grammar and syntax refers only to Tetun-Los which is spoken along the south coast between Betano in the west, Luka in the east, and Soibada in the north.

The word list contains approximately 1100 words as the least number necessary for conversation. I hope those visiting East Timor will find the contents useful in helping to make their visit more enjoyable among a people to whom I owe an unpayable debt for their completely unselfish devotion to my welfare in a most difficult time during the operations against the Japanese that eventually cost so many Timorese their lives after my return to Australia in 1943. Anyone wishing to obtain a more extensive word list can purchase a copy of my Tetun-English dictionary from Pacific Linguistics at the Australian National University, GPO Box 4, Canberra 2601, Australia. (Catalogue, Series C, No 83.)

Examples of written Tetun can obtained from the author in the stories - "Land of the Sleeping Crocodile" at 3 Hoadley Av, Frankston, Vic 3199.

Students of Timorese languages will soon learn that Timor is a land of many different languages and dialects with relatively few speakers of each. Consequently, the total area in which each language or dialect is spoken is very restricted, except Tetun-Dili, which has speakers over all of Timor. This dialect of Tetun is a simplified version introduced by the Portuguese to give a common commercial tongue among all the people. Therefore there is a wide variety of expertise among these speakers, who will invariable have another language as their mother tongue or first language.

The number of distinct languages within East Timor will vary according to the way a language is designated. Listed are the main languages and dialects, with the town merely being the nearest to the area in which the language is spoken (A. Cappell, 1934):

Language Town
Bunak Bobonaro
Dagada Lautem
Galole Manututu
Galole Laclo
Galole Laleia
Idate Laklubar
Kemak Bobonaro
Makasae Laga
Makasae Ossu
Mambae Aileu
Mambae Ainaro
Midiki Baguia
Na'uete Uato Karabau
Nogo-Nogo Kailaku
Nogo-Nogo Atabae
Tokodede Likisa
Tokodede Maubara
Uaimo'a Baukau

Tetun all dialects

Alas
Bariki
Bubu
Susu
Dili
Dotik
Fatu Berliu
Fatu Lulik
Fatu Mea
Foho Ren
Kamnasa
Luka
Remexio
Samoro
Suai
Tilomar
Ue Keke
Atambua

While Tetun is understood in all areas of Timor, there is a wide variation in the pronounciation and vocabulary, as the above languages have influenced Tetun in the areas of use. Similarly many words have been adopted from other languages. Even in areas where Tetun is regarded as the mother tongue there are a number of distinct dialects to add to the student's confusion.

Over many millenia the Timorese have developed a strong skill in the art of story telling, which is demonstrated in poetry by the Na'i Lia's eloquent and expansive oratory.

Tetun/Tetum

This dictionary has endeavoured to follow the general usage wherever possible therefore TETUN rather than TETUM is regarded as being the correct name for the language because the Portuguese spell many words with 'M" where the phonetic sound is 'N', and this is what they have done with the word TETUM. Some people have erroneously adopted the 'M' spelling as the phonetic sound.

The wise old men (KATUAS) tell us that the people who lived on the plains (TETU, adjective), therefore the people who spoke the language were of the plains (TETUN, noun). There can be no argument as to the name of the language or its spelling as adjectives are changed to nouns by adding N. In any case no other Tetun word ends in M.

The biggest concentration of natural Tetun speakers occurs in the central south coast of East Timor, from Luka in the east to Alas in the west. While there are small regional differences within this area they are not sufficient to consider any of them a separate dialect. The dialect of this area has been called TETUN-LOS, and has been regarded as standard Tetun in this dictionary.

Broadly, Tetun can be divided into four main dialects:

TETUN-LOS centered around the town of Soidada and the Kingdom of Samoro and along the coast between Alas and Luka. No attempt has been made to include the more complex ritual language of poetry, which is used throughout all areas which Tetun is spoken.

TETUN-TERIK, spoken in the north-west of East Timor and the north-east of West Timor. This dialect is closely related to Tetun-Belu.

TETUN-BELU, spoken in the south-west of East Timor and the south-east of West Timor. Both this dialect and Tetun-Terok are often regarded as distinct languages from Tetun-Los because of different definitions for individual words, but the grammar and syntax are still synonymous.

TETUN-DILI (also known as TETUN-PRASA), the dialect taught to the Portuguese and other people needing a common language for commerce. This language is simpler in grammer than the other dialects and was regarded as the lingua franca in Portuguese times, but is now being challenged by Bahasa.

The island of Timor is very mountainous in relation to its size. The majestic mountains seem to rise without pattern that would be expected for ranges in other places. The river valleys cut into the mountains in most unlikely angles. They are always steep with fast running streams, especially when it rains. The total area of Timor is nearly 3,000 kilometres. It is one of the most easterly island in the Lesser Sunda archipelago, most of which belongs to Indonesia. East Timor has an area of about 19,000 square kilometres. For almost 450 years the area has been known as Portuguese Timor, but in 1976 was annexed by Indonesia as Timor Timur (East Timor), it's 27th province. In 1974, the last official Portuguese census, the population was 680,000. In 1980 the population was 555,350 according to the census conducted by the Indonesian authorities.

In Dili, the capital, it is always hot and there are only two seasons wet and dry.

The morals and social behaviour are not governed by our European standards, but it would be a mistake to regard the culture is in any way primitive. There is no doubt that much of its past culture has depredated because of events that have occurred since 1975, nevertheless there will be enough of the old culture left to open the eyes of all who see it. It is important to look below the surface and gain the most from your visit to the island. The KUTUAS (wise old men) say, "Only those with their eyes open can see."

Much of my own Timorese cultural knowledge may be historic, and not appliciable to present day East Timor, though the fundamental beliefs of the Animists in Mother Earth must still exist in the minds of everyone in what is a very complicated culture. It is always hard to discover the deep intrinsic beliefs and mores of any society. I hope when you leave East Timor you will come away with some of the understanding and admiration I have for these very caring and brave people.

Timorese are of three different racial groups. But because of a long history of intertribal marriage there are no distinct physical features among people except in language. There are 16 languages and between 34 and 36 dialects. The people living along the south coast are Polynesian in language and custom, while those living on the north coast are Melanesian. In the mountains ther are people who can be described by their language as Aboriginals.

Timor has had sophisticated contact with the world for many centuries. The Belu (Tetun) empire extended its power over much of the island but after the Europeans arrived much of the old empire contracted to its present area of indigenous Tetun speakers. The Chinese were regular visitors long before the Portuguese arrived in Timor. The indigenous lunar calendar is similar to the Chinese, the Timor pony has Asian origins and existed in Timor before the Portuguese. The musical instruments are Asian in design and sound. It has been recorded in Chinese history that the Liurai at Besa Kama (the old Belu capital) paid a yearly tribute to China before the Portuguese Dominicans were on the scene in 1566. The attraction to Timor was because of its sandalwood, supposedly the best in the world. It was the sale of sandalwood that gave the Liurais their power and was the cause of their long past internecine wars. The liurais wanted land - land that grew sandalwood, and with the land came people to harvest it. Sandalwood gave them the power to expand their empires. This greed of the liurais caused their subjects to be involved in the danger of war. In the 16th and 17th centuries the Timorese had a reputation for being very warlike. The people of East Timor have a long long history of rebellion against their Portuguese colonial masters.

Timorese are by nature most polite with a great deal of outward humilty and seem willing to agree to anything rather than upset strangers in their land. Thus it is easy to receive a wrong answer to questions, especially leading questions, merely because most people will only be trying to show good manners. Timorese respect others for their social position and education, as well as wealth, but they do not discriminate on the ground of race. This simple fact will put most Australians on an equal footing in their initial contact.

Timorese relatives cover a much wider circle than in Australia. Close kinship is regarded to exist among the uncles, aunts, and cousins of their in-laws' in-laws and a strong loyalty is given to all relatives. In past times the whole society revolved around incurring debts to ones relatives to build a bank of indebtedness for future help in all of the various tasks of living that could be accomplished more efficiently with a number of people, such as growing food, harvesting, house building, feasts, and the Animist religious ceremonies of death, birth and marriage.

Timorse culture was oral, therefore it is only natural that the people had developed strong skills in story telling and in poetry which could be told by anyone. But the ultimate in the art were the LIA NA'IN (also NA'I LIA, literally meaning lord of words), who could without hesitation relate verse on any subject at great length straight out of their heads. There were a number of traditional patterns, but the most common was DADOLIN, where each verse was in two lines and each line was in two phrases. The first phrase of the second line repeated the meaning of the last phrase of the first verse but with different words. It was not uncommon for a skilled Lia Na'in to recite for hourse, all of it verse that had never been heard until then. The actual words of the poetry rarely spoke on any subject with direct meanings. The true meanings were intended for people versed in the culture; e.g. reference to a blossum not yet in full bloom = a virgin; nectar tasted by many = a girl of easy virtue; fruit eaten before it was ripe = drought; things that move in the night = spirits; dreaming of riches = greed; to cry alone = loneliness, or deserted, and so on it went. The real art was to repeat the important points as often as necessary to drive into the mind the message that the poet thought was needed. It is also important to keep in mind the Timorese philosophy that everything has a balancing opposite, such as hot and cold, wet and dry, good and bad, up and down, sky and earth, etc. which were also included in the poetry to complicate the telling.

In every village, the Katuas would tell stories to the children to instruct them in the lore and the code of behaviour of the clan so that on adulthood each person would know how to behave socially and know and accept their position in life. The society was very class conscious. Before the Portuguese the lowest class was LUTUN (the cattle keepers) then ATAN (slaves), EMA RAI (common people), DATO (nobility and royalty). Interspersed were MATAN DOOK (doctor), BUAN (sorcerer) MALULIK (keeper of sacred relics) and LIURAI (king). These were inherited upper class positions. From the Dato came ASU'UAIN (warriors). Marriage offered the only means of rising above the class into which one had been born.

A most important facet of Timorese life for Christians and non-Christians alike, was living with the KLAMAR (the souls of the dead) who had not gone heaven or were unable to leave this earth for any reason. It was a Timorese belief that a wandering soul was always on the lookout to invade (or return to) the body of living persons where it would cause untold havoc and eventual death unless the klamar was persuaded to leave its new home. These spirits would enter the body through a number of body orifices. Their favourite entry sites were the nose or eyes, never through the mouth or genital orifices. Not all spirits were evil. Some in fact were guardians to keep the evil ones away and in times of danger would appear to warn their ward so that a degree of stability continued to exist. Living in the Animist world was a continual struggle to keep life flowing with as much stability as possible. The MATAN DOOK (doctor) could invoke all sorts of potions (herbal medicine) and fetishes to nullify a HOROK (spell) from a klamar or one placed by the BUAN (sorcerer), who had very wide powers to create havoc among everyone. His power was much stronger than the Matan Dook. The position of Matan Dook was handed on from father to son after many years of training. It was usually inherited among the Dato therefore it was a social status within the clan. The position of Buan could be inherited by any likely candidate with the proper aptitude after a long period of training and be either male or female, but usually male. A Buan had a religious standing in the community, which would give him a fearful respect. Even an important Liurai would treat a Buan with humble respect and fear. Within the orbit of the Animist religion all living things have souls, both plant and animal. Evil spirits came from creatures, especially those who spent the first half of their lives in water, and also came from the souls of people who lived a bad life.

Another being with supernatural power was the witch, in some areas known as KUKULASAK. In natural form she was an old woman, but had the power to transform herself into any other living thing. She could appear as a beautiful young woman to entice innocent people into sorts of danger with her beguiling ways. Every village had stories about witches appearing before some relative and by all sorts of trickery taking them away, never to be seen again. Some parents even told their children that witches like to eat people, especially plump, naughty children.
In the Animist religion it is believed that we are on this earth for a short period and after death on this earth we would return to the womb of the earth through the many vaginas that exist in the FATU KUAK (caves) in Timor. Therefore we must live a good life to return to our origins at the completion of the ephemeral stay on earth. All tribal debts have been repaid by our surviving relatives in order to free the soul and enable a feast to be held to celebrate the spirit's passage to heaven. Every community has a legend about the first men appearing out of the earth to form their clan. In previous times Timor was a cashless society and the wealth of an individual was assessed by the amount of livestock that they owned, such as horses, buffaloes, goats, pigs as well as gold and silver. These animals were not used in everyday life as food. There was a much more important use for them; in life they showed how successful a person had been and in death many of these animals were slaughtered for the feast which sent the soul to heaven. Animals were NEVER sacrificed as a tribute to any religious ceremony, but as food for the invited guests. Feasts were held to celebrate births where the correct proportion of direct and in-law relatives were invited. As marriages were often arranged as political alliances rather than for any other reason, the guests at a birth feast could easily be from another kingdom far away. These feasts or gatherings served to reinforce obligations that each alliance placed on each clan and helped keep peace within the whole community.

At planting time special ceremonies were conducted to placate the Klamar and ensured that the guardian Klamar knew the seeds were being planted in the womb of Mother Earth. The guardian Klamar could then ensure the seeds were fruitful. If the planting was carried out at the first rain but no following rain occurred then it was said that an evil spirit had killed the soul of the plant and not that the farmer had made a mistake by planting too early. At harvest time it was always a race to reap the crops before the rats consumes the year's crop. Rats, of course, were the work of an evil spirit. The same was said if the plants became diseased, or failed for any other reason, like too much rain.

The UMA (house) in Timor was much more than a place for the family to live. In the Animist religion there was no church, and the family home served this purpose much better. The traditional house had two poles as its base foundation. These two poles represeneted the male and female (all things in Timor came in pairs), and divided the house into two areas, where the woman of the house ruled supreme. Because the house had this religious significance. The woman of the house acted as the religious head of the family. On the female pole hung the woven bags containing the dried placentas of the occupants of the house. These articles should follow each person throughout their life, otherwise they had no protection against any Klamar. Also each person would not be able to return to Mother Earth as whole person on their death.

Disasters were accepted with stoic fatalism as the work of an evil spirit. Even accidents were ascribed to fetishes or invasions of spirits. Therefore the Timorese were able to accept the most horrific ill-fortune and still be able to carry on as if nothing out of the ordinary had happened. Because of the importance of combating the effects of the Klamar, some people would change their name after a serious misfortune so that the Klamar would not know them any more, and nothing would persuade them to admit to being previously known by their prior name, which was very disconcerting for the Portuguese conducting the bi-annual census. During the Second World War the Australian soldiers in East Timor employed many adolescent boys to help them with their baggage. One day while being chased by the Japanese, we had to cross a flooded stream. The usual method was to enter the stream with the upstream leg bent and down stream leg stiff and by a forward hopping action progress across to the other bank. During the course of crossing two of the Timorese boys were hit by rocks along along the bed of the stream and were swept down stream and drowned. The Australian soldiers were most upset with such a tragic personal loss but the Timorese said, "We are here to protect the Australians. All the Australians are safe, and that is all that is important." It would have been very bad manners to have shown grief to us. There are many other instances that could be related about the care for other people the Timorese showed us during our war in Timor.

Marriage and the arrangement of marriage consumed a great deal of time and ceremony. The usual and preferred method was by HAFOLI (lit:to fix the value) where a go-between (a katuas close to the family) would spend up to a year and even longer fixing the terms of the alliance. The proper gifts were passed to each side as the terms were gradually sorted out. At each stage the Lia Na'in would recite long lengths of poetry DADOLIN (two line verse) emphasising the merits of the alliance to the opposite side. A Lia Na'in from the other side would do the same, as the guests ate food supplied by the groom's relatives. When the terms had been agreed upon, and the initial gifts exchanged, (buffalo, and horses from the groom's family as well as gold and silver, and from the bride's family goats, pigs and cloth) the two young people often lived together on a nightly basis in the house of the girl's parents. Consummation was the only recognized rite of marriage. Now that so many Timorese are Christian, the priests could be insisting on a marriage ceremony similar to that conducted in our churches.

In times past marriage was not entered upon lightly. Firstly the prospective groom would approach his parents for permission to marry. Then the elders would decide if the young man was a suitable candidate to become a full member of the clan, as only married men and women were allowed to enter fully into all the religious rites and secrets. If for any reason the elders decided that the young man was not suitable to become a full clan member (as a practising priest of Mother Earth), then no arrangement could be made for his marriage. Of course this does not happen any more. Since 1975 many young men take the woman of their choice as their wife without any ceremony. This is called HAFE. Unlike in our Western culture, marriage between first cousins is not frowned upon, provided the nupital couple were the children of a brother or sister. Two children of sisters or brothers was strictly forbidden.

Slavery was an accepted way of life even in 1975. It was a very benign practice, but it still existed, even though it had been outlawed by the Portuguese. It was not uncommon for young boys and some girls to be sold into slavery. I personally know some young Timorese refugees who were slaves in Timor. Another way of describing the practice would be to say the ATAN (slave) was an upaid servant, also called KREADO (nurse for a baby), who was not free to leave the family. Their masters were responsible for their welfare and usually the slave was treated humanely. It was not unusual for a slave to become part of the family to such a degree that on adulthood he married a daughter of the family.

The Timorese have a special reverence for death. It was the time when the virtues of the deceased were told to the world at great length by the mourners. The demise of an important clan member meant much displacement of power, with new positions to be filled. Sometimes it was found that the only solution was to offer the position to someone in a neighbouring clan. In extreme situations the clan was split into two. It has been said to me by a KATUAS (wise old man) that by nature man is a spiller of blood, and is incapable of controlling his actions which are against the needs of Mother Earth, where harmony will ensure a fruitful life for humans. Therefore it is better for him to satisfy his instinct outside his family, so that he can live in harmony at home with his wife and children. After about a year, all the relatives and those who had a debt owing to them, or those who had an alliance with the deceased were invited to a KORE METAN (celebration of departure) back to where the soul of the deceased had emerged form the womb of Mother Earth. Many final debts were repaid in the work involved in the preparation of the feast. The guests gorged themselves with meat and TUAKA (palm wine) for anything up to a week of dancing and telling stories of the virtues of the departed.
I do not purport that what has been written is anything but a thumbnail sketch of the psyche of East Timorese culture, because it is difficult to obtain more than a glimpse into the religious life of the Timorese Animist world. I am happy if it helps the traveller have a greater understanding and appreciation of life in East Timor.

Tetun is a soft language, because of the lack of harsh gutteral sounds. The stress is usually on the penultimate syllable with a few exceptions.

Capital letters denote stress:

HA-re, to see
ha-FI-la, to return
ha-LU-ha, to forget
ba-BU-rit, a syringe
hak-FI-lak, to alter
nak-FU-nan, to become mouldy
a-RU-ma, some (mostly said as RU-ma)
KU-ak, hole
IS-in, body
BA-dain, tradesman
KA-rau, buffalo
RAI, earth

Sometimes the letter U may act as a consonant similar to English W. In some areas this sound is changed to B as more natural sound for that district:

la-UA-rik, youth (la-BA-rik)
UA-ni, honeybee (BA-ni)
UE, water (BE)

A small number of Tetun words are stressed irregularly on the last syllable.

ha-RE, riceta-FE, to spiteha-HU, to beginko-A, to crow

Tetun also has double vowels, which are an extension of a single sound, e.g.

BOOT, big
AAT, bad, evil
ba-DAAK, rice powder

The glottoral stop is common and important practice of speech in Tetun between vowels, as a break or hiatus, and is indicated by '. It can be described as a click at the back of the throat:

KO-'-a, to cut
NA-'-uk, to steal
BE-'-u, to thresh grain

Hyphenated words are pronounced as two words, but the stress is on the last penultimate syllable:

aman-IKun, uncle
bere-LOik, spider
bai-RUa, day after tomorrow

Consonants are sometimes prefixed to root words, mostly as expletives, to become part of the first syllable, but to be pronounced in such a way to be barely distinguishable:

KBA-but, troublemaker
KBE-lak, disc
KDO-ran, water vessel

Some words are pronounced differently in two or more districts:

BUU, KBUU, sack

A number of words from other languages are included because they are in such common usage they can be regarded as part of the alphabet. The are spelt phonetically:

AMIGU, friend (from Portuguese AMIGO)
BARLAKE, marriage (from Indonesian BERLAKI)

Diphthongs (double vowel sounds):

AI like i in ice, AIN, foot
EI like e in below, TEIK, to stamp the feet
OI like oy in boy, HAKOI, to bury
UI like we, TAFUI, to spit
AU like ou in pound, BAUR, rainbow
EU like ew in sew, KAKEU, a tree
OU like ow in bow, BOU to heap

Some letters of the English language are not natural to the Tetun language, but may appear in loan words (i.e. introduced words.) Some words are changed to a more natural sound and some letters are interchangebale from district to district, especially where Tetun is spoken as a second language.

letter, changed to, examples
B, F, BAKU FAKUU, B, LAUARIK LABARIK

foreign letters
G, K, GABRIEL KABRIEL
G, D, GENTIO DENTIU
C, K, CAFE KAFE
C or Cceil;, S, AC¸U ASU
CH, S, CHA, SA
QU, K, VIQUEQUE, UE KEKE
V, U, VACA UAKA or BAKA
Z, S, ZEFERINO SEFERINO

Some English combinations like "CH", "TH" are unpronounceable by Timorese, "thing" being siad as "ting".

The approximate sounds of the alphabet are:

A, like "a" in father
B, as in English
D, as in English
E, like "e" in set or "a" in fake
F, like "f" in father
H, like "h" in harm
I, like "ea" in tea
K, like "k" in kite
L, like "l" in like
M, as in English
N, as in English
O, like "o" in hot or not.
P, as in English
R, like scottish rr with a roll of the tongue
S, like "s" in some
T, as in English
U, like "w" in wake as first letter other letters like "oo" in boot
Note: The letters C, G, J, Q, V, W, X, Y, Z are not normally used in Tetum (see above notes on loan words). However loan words still retain their original form, so it is possible to find all letters of the English alphabet.

Vowels and consonants at the end of words.

E & O are at the end of words are pronounced slightly open.

HARE, to see
SELE, to destroy
KOKO, to try
LEBO, to carry

Final AE, OE, EO are pronounced slightly open and are articulated as two syllables.

HAE, grass
MALAE, foreigner
SASOE, palm leaf cape
LALEO, hut
KULEO, seasickness
KAKAE, cockatoo

In final -EK, -ET, -OK, -OT the consonant is weakly pronounced.

This section is a summary of the morphology and syntax of well-spoken Tetun-Los, though it should be noted that the number of of Tetun dialects, and the intrusion of the neighbouring languages, has not made the task of what constitutes good Tetun an easy one.

Nouns

Nouns are both singular and plural, but can be made either by the insertion of "IDA" for singular, "SIRA" for plural after the noun.

KUDA IDA, a horse;
UMA IDA; a house,
EMA IDA, a person;
ASU SIRA, the dogs;
EMA SIRA, the person, or the people.

Some words express emphatic degees of the meaning by partial repition, i.e. by omitting the last consonant in the first part:
TEBES, true;
TETEBES, very true;
MANAS, hot;
MANAMANAS extremely hot.

Note: this applies to all parts of speech.

Words which require emphasis repeat the first syllable of the word as a prefix: MOURIS, MOUMOUSIS, alive.
Also refer to HAE and MAKA in dictionary text.

Gender of Nouns

Nouns have no formal gender, but masculinity and feminity may be expressed by adding the following words to the noun:

Tetun Dili
other dialects
male
female
male
female
human
mane
feto
mane
feto
animal
aman
inan
aman
inan
animal
amak
inak
plant
mane
feto
manen
feton

OAN MANE, boy;
KUDA INAN, mare;
AI DILA MANEN, male pawpaw (one that does not bear fruit).

Expression of Possession

Possession is shown in nouns by placing NIA between the possessor and the person or thing possessed:
KARAU NIA DIKUR (buffalo's horn), or horn of (the) buffalo (literally: 'buffalo-his-horn'); KUDA NIA AIN, horse's leg, or leg of horse (literally: 'horse-his-leg').
In conversation NIA is often dropped; e.g. KARAU DIKUR etc.

Definite and Indefinite Articles

Tetun has no special words for "a", "an", or "the" but "IDA" meaning "one" can perfrom these functions, e.g. FAHI IDA a/the pig.
The plural article is formed by adding "SIRA", e.g. FAHI SIRA, the pigs.

Adjectives

Adjectives always follow the noun without exception. They may be formed from other words that end in a vowel by adding the letter K.
Nouns and other words ending in N may change this to Km but are often left as they are. Some adjectives are formed by prefixing "HAK" but mostly "NAK", particularly those with a verbal sense.

Personal Pronouns

1st pers. sing., I me, HA'U
2nd pers. sing., you you (polite), O ITA
3rd pers. sing., he she her it, NIA
1st pers. pl., we us (exclusive) we us (inclusive), AMI ITA
2nd pers. pl., you, IMI EMI3rd pers. pl., they them they (Tetum-Belu), SIRA SIA
Pronoun subjects and objects are not distinguished in Tetun. 'We' and 'us' inclusive includes those being spoken to (i.e. 'we and you'), while 'we' and 'us' exclusive (i.e. 'we alone') do not include those spoken to.

AMI MAI ATU IMI, TAN BA ITA HOTU MESA BELUN
We come to see you, because we are all friends.

Possessive Pronouns

The possessive pronouns are formed by placing the pronoun before the noun with NIA between them, e.g. HA'U NIA ASU, my dog. NIA NIA 'his' is normally shortened to NINIA, e.g. NIA NIA ASU or NINIA ASU, 'his dog, her dog'. In conversation NIA can be dropped when the known ends a vowel provided N or K is added to the end of the noun, e.g. HA'U ASUN, my dog.
HA'U NIAN, HA'UN, HA'UK, NIAN, NINIAN etc. are used as possessive pronouns where there is no noun at the end of a sentence.

Verbs

Root verbs are in the present tense. Verbs may be changed by the addition of particles and/or participles to make them active, reflexive infinite, past, future or present, as well as some conditions not found in English.

Tetun has no verb "to be", therefore care should be taken when transposing to English; OAN FETO MOE, the girl is shy, literally 'girl shy'.

Verbs beginning with H and O change with person. Other verbs prefix K for the first person singular; HA'U KBA, I go.

1st pers. sing., use letter K, HA'U KA I eat HA'U KBA I go
2nd pers. sing., use letter M, O MA you eat
2nd pers. sing. (polite)., use letter H, ITA HA you eat
3rd pers. sing., use letter N, NIA NA he eats
1st pers. pl. (inc)., use letter H, AMI HA
2nd person. pl. (exc)., use letter H, ITA HA we eat
3rd person pl., use letter R, SIRA RA they eat
3rd person pl. (Belu), use letter R, SIA RA they eat

Tense of Verbs

All verbs are naturally in the present tense, but may give the meaning of another tense by the context of sentence; NIA BA BASAR ABAN, he will go to the market tomorrow; NIA BA BASAR HORISEK, he went to the market yesterday. Tense may also be indicated by tense particles:
past tense ONA, TIHA
future tense SEI
Since all these particles can be used in other ways, examples are given of their use.

ONA
1. placed after the verb to form past tense: AMI HA ONA, we ate; MAU BERE BA ONA BAUKAU, Mau Bere went to Baukau. ONA in this use always indicates the immediate past (a short time ago).
2. placed after the word (not a verb) it qualifies to denote a recently completed action: LEKE MAUK MORAS, MAI BE DI'AK ONA, Leke Mauk was sick, but is well know.
3. placed after the word it qualifies as an adverb, meaning "enough", "sufficient": NE'E DI'AK ONA, that is good enough, also TO'O ONA and NATON ONA have the same meaning.
4. used as an intehection; DI'AK ONA, well, alright.

TIHA
1. placed after the verb forms past tense: BERE LELIK LA'O TIHA, Bere Lelike has gone (could be a short or long time ago); MAU LETO BA TIHA UMA, Mau Leto went home (some time ago).
2. placed after the word it qualifies to give the meaning of 'instead of': LEKI NAHAK LA BA BASAR, NIA BA TIHA SORO, Leki Nahak did not go to the market; instead he went hunting. NIA BA FILA TIHA SORO, or NIA BA TIHA FILA SORO, would mean instead he went hunting.
3. placed before ONA it indicates that the action is completely finished: LEKI BEREK HALAI TIHA ONA, Leki Berek has run away.
4. as a verb, to fish with a net: AMI TIHA IKAN BARAK, we net many fish.
5. as a verb to cast, fling, or throw: SIRE TIHA FATUK BA UE, they threw a stone in the water.

SEI
1. placed before the verb denotes future tense: ORAS ISA HA'U SEI KBA UA KREDA, shortly I will go to church.
2. placed before a verb can indicate that the action is still continuing: TETI BEREK SEI HARIS, Teti Berek is still having a bath.
3. used with DAUK or DAUN indicates negative future tense (sometimes used with LA, LAE): ISULINU SEI DAUK MAI, Isulinu will not come. Note: SEI LA DAUK MAI or LA DAUK SEI are just as correct. PAULU SEI DAUK HALO KNAAR IDA NE'E, Paulo will not do this work. Note: same combination as above applies. SEI DAUK on its own means 'not yet'.
4. placed before a verb can have the meaning of 'must' or 'obliged to': AIDA SEI HEMU AI MORUK NE'E, Aida must drink this medicine. O SEI HALO SERBISU IDA NE'E, you must do this work.

PARTICLES AND PARTICIPLES

-AN
particles placed after the verb to give it a reflexive meaning: NIA OHO AN, he killed himself. When used with RASIK means 'own' or 'self' the construction changes; SUKI NAKENAK RASIK NIA AN, or SUKI NAKENAK NIA AN RASIK, Suki wounds himself.

ATU-
placed before the verb to indicate purpose or intention: HA'U KBA ATU HARE BASAR, I go to see the market.

DAUDAUN
a particle following the verb indicating that the action is still continuing: LEKI MAUK LERE DAUDAUN DU'UT, Leki Mauk is cutting the grass.

HA-
a causative prefix forming new verbs from verbs, nouns and adjectives: BADAK, short; HABADAK, to shorten; MONU, to fall; HAMONU, to drop; FODAK, timid; HAFODAK, to startle. HA is a contraction of HALO, thus HALO BADAK is contracted to (>) HABADAK, literally 'make short'.

HAM-, HAN-
particles prefixed to verbs, nouns, and adjectives to form verbs which describe the state or action of the subject resulting from a continued action of the root word: TA'UK to fear > HAMTA'UK, to be in fear (of something); KUUS, nasal mucus > HAMKUSS, to have a cold; LAHA, hunger > HAMLAHA, to be hungry. Note: HAM- and HAN- are interchangeable.
LEREKparticle placed after verbs to indicate a state of rest, abandonment, or permanence: NIA MAI LEREK TASI IBUN, he came to the seashore (infers that he went no further than the seashore).

MA-, MAK-
particles prefixed to verbs to form nouns denoting the agent which practises the verb's action: HAFETU, to kick > MAFETUK, kicker; KAIR, to hold > MAKAIR LULIK, the keeper of the sacred house; LA'O, to walk > MALA'OK, traveller, HATETE, to talk > MATETEK, speaker; FUAK, fruitful > MAFUAK, fruiting tree. Note: root words beginning with H change to M, those ending in a vowel add K; also MA and MAK are second person forms of HA and HAK.

NA-, NAK-, NAM-
prefix to form verbs in third person plural; also forms verbal nouns and adjectives.

RA-, RAK-, RAM-, RAN-
prefix to form verbs in third person plural and also verbal nouns and adjectives.

HA'E
an emphatic particle stresstiung the word it preceeds, not translatable in English, used in all dialects. The Tetun-Dili equivalent is MAK, MAKA.

RESIN
an adverb meaning 'extra', 'plus'. It also forms cardinal numbers over ten: RUANULU RESIN IDA, twenty one, literally, twenty plus one.

TEN, TEEN
a particple affixed after a word to form nouns with a derogatory sense: BARUK, lazu; BARUK TEEN, laziness.

Within East Timor there are two natural systems with decimal (10) and quintic (5) as basic units. The decimal system is universally understood and transposable to other decimal systems.

1 IDA
2 RUA
3 TOLU
4 HAAT
5 LIMA
6 NEEN
7 NITU
8 UALU
9 SIA
10 SANULU
11 SANULU RESIN IDA
21 RUANULU RESIN IDA
100 ATUS IDA
246 ATUS RUA HAATNULU RESIN NEEN
1000 RIHAN IDA

Larger numbers exist, but for practical purposes they are seldom used as most people using larger numbers do so in the Portuguese or Indonesian systems.

(P) = Portuguese word
(I) = Indonesian word

A

AAS, high, tall
AAT, bad, evil
ABAN, tomorrow
ABUT, root
AGORA (P), now
AHI, fire
AHI ANAR, ember, glowing coal
AHI HAHAN, cook by charring
AHI KELAN, ash
AHI KOSE, AI KOSE, match
AHI LAKAN, flame
AHI OAN, lamp
AHI SUAR, smoke
AHU, lime
AHU KRESAN, ash
AI, tree, wood, firewood
AI ABUT, root
AI BALU, box, chest
AI BEN, AI UEN, sap, juice, resin
AI BUBUR METAN, eucalyptus (black)
AI DILA, pawpaw tree
AI DILA FUAN, pawpaw fruit
AI FARINA, cassava flour
AI FUAN, fruit
AI FUAN ISIN, edible portion of fruit
AI FUAN KULIT, fruit skin
AI FUAN MUSAN, fruit seed
AI FUNAN, flower
AU FUNAN KINAS, petal
AI HUN, tree base
AI KAMELI, sandalwood
AI KEBELAK, plank, board
AI KULIT, bark of tree
AI LARAN, ALAS, forest
AI LELE, kapok
AI LIA, ginger
AI LOLON, trunk of a tree
AI LOS, straight tree
AI LUKA, AI FARINA, cassava
AI MAHON, shade
AI MANAS, chilli
AI MORUK, medicine
AI NAR, rose bush
AI RAHUN, sawdust
AI RII, AI RIIN, stake, post
AI SNAK, branch of a tree
AI SAR, broom
AI SARIAN, mahogany tree
AI SUAK, digging stick
AI TAHAN, leaf
AI TAHAN DIKIN, shoot
AI TAHAN SOKAT, young leaf
AI TARAK, thorn
AI FUKUN, knot in tree
AIN, leg, foot
AIN FATIN, footprint
AIN HIRA, how many sticks
AI SUKAT, measuring stick
AKA, sago
ALIN, younger brother
ALIN FETO, younger sister
ALU, ALUN, pestle
AMAK, masculine
AMAN, father, male of animals
AMAN BOOT, uncle older than father
AMAN KI'IK, uncle younger than father
AMAN SARANI, godfather
AMAN TUAN, grandfather
AMI, we (exclusive) AMIGU (P), friend
ANANAS (P), pineapple
ANAR, ash (see AHI NAR)
ANIN, wind
ANIN BOOT, strong wind
ANIN FUIK, cyclone
ASU, dog
ASU (P), steel, hard
ASU KUTIN, dog flea
ATAN, slave
ATEN METAN, liver
ATUS, hundred
AU, bamboo
AU TOUHU, sugarcane

B

BA, go, proceed, go off
BA, at, in, on, to, for
BABA, drum
BABETA, ankle ornaments
BABOO, horn trumpet
BABUKU, snal, slug
BABURIT, syringe
BADAAK, rice powder, talc
BADAIN, tradesman
BADAIN AI, carpenter
BADAK, short
BAER, BAAR, astringent taste
BAIN, UAIN, day
BAIN HIRA, when
BAKU, beat, punish
BAKU MALU, fight
BALADA, domestic stock
BALIU, axe
BALU, some, part, half
BALU, middle
BANI, honey bee
BANI BEN, honey
BANIN FETO, mother-in-law
BANIN MANE, father-in-law
BARAK, many, much
BARIA, bitter melon
BARUK, lazy
BARUK TEEN, laziness
BASAR, market
BATAR, maize, indian corn
BATAR FULIN, corn cob
BATAR NURAK, sweet corn
BAUR, rainbow
BE, UE, water
BE KOLAN, swamp
BE MATAN, spring
BEEN, liquid, juice, sap
BEIBEIK, often, continually
BEIK, stupid
BEIN, grandparent
BELAK, disc
BELAR, flat, level
BELE, can, able
BELU, friend
BERO, canoe
BESI, iron
BESI ASU, steel
BESIK, near, close
BE'U, thresh grain
BIBI, goat
BIBI MALAE, sheep
BIBI RUSA, deer
BIDU, dance
BIIN, sister
BIIT, strength
BI'IT, lift by fingers
BIKAN, plate
BINATAN, domestic animals
BIRAK, copper
BITI, sleeping mat
BOBAR, roll up, tricky
BOEK, shrimp
BOK, touch
BOKAR, thick
BOKON, wet
BOKUR, fat
BOLU, call out
BOOT, big, large
BOSOK, lie, deceive
BOTIL (P), bottle
BUA, betel nut
BUAN, sorcerer
BUAT, thing
BUAT RUMA, something
BUIS, savage, untamed
BUKA, seek, look for
BULAK, mad, crazy
BUSA, cat
BUU, KBUU, sack

D

DADA, pull, drag
DADER, early morning
DADINIS, mane of horse
DADOLIN, verse in two lines
DADUR, detain EMA DADUR, prisoner
DAHUR, song sung at gatherings
DALAN IDA, once
DALAN, track, road
DAMBUA, grapefruit
DASA, sweep
DATO, noble class
DAUN, needle
DA'AN, boil food
DEHAN, say, speak
DELEK, blind
DEROK, orange
DEROK MASIN, lemon
DE'IT, only
DIDIN, wall
DIKIN, leaf tip
DIKUR, horn, antlers
DIMA, spear
DINELA (P), window
DIUK, deaf
DI'AK, good, well
DOBEN, darling, dear
DODOK, rotten
DOIS, stink, smell
DOMINGU (P), Sunday
DOOK, far, distant
DUDU, push
DUKUR, sleep SULAS, twist
DUN, LA DUN, few, little
DUUNI, chase
DUUT, grass

E

EMA, person
EMA FUIK, savage, wild man
ERAVILA (P), pea
ESKOLA (P), school
ETU, rice (cooked)

F

FAHE, divide
FAHI, pig
FAHO, harrow weed
FAI, pound, crush
FALI, again
FALUK, widowed
FALUN, parcel
FALUR, pigeon
FANUN, awake
FASI, FASE, wash
FASI MOS, wash clean
FATIN, place, spot, position
FATUK, stone, rock
FATU KUAK, cave
FA'AN, sell
FEHUK, tuber of all kinds
FEHUK MIDA, sweet potato
FEHUK ROPA, potato
FEN, wife (impolite)
FERIK, old woman FETO, woman
FETO FALUK, widow
FETO FOUN, daughter-in-law
FETO RAN, virgin
FETOK, feminine
FILA, turn
FILA FALI, return, go home
FILKA, change, alter
FUSYR, abscess
FITUN, star
FO, give
FODAK, timid
FOHO, mountain
FOHO RAI, uthin
FOIN, just, already
FOKIT, pull, jerk
FOLIN, price, cost
FOREI, bean
FOREI KELI, soya bean
FOREI RAI, peanut
FOS, rice (husked)
FOUN, new, young
FO'ER, dirty
FUAK, pimply, fruitful
FUAN, fruit, heart
FUI, pour liquid
FUIK, wild, savage
FUKIT, pull out
FULAN, moon, month
FULIN, bunch
FULUN, hair (of body), feathers
FUMA (P), smoke tobacco
FUNAN, flower
FUNU, war
FURAK, tasty, nice
FURIN, foam of sea
FUTU, tie up
FUTUN, parcel, package
FUUK, hair of head

G

GARFU (P), fork
GOSTA (P), like
GURU (I), teacher

H

HA, eat
HAAS, mango
HAAT, four
HADAK, bamboo flooring
HADER, awake
HADI'AK, improve
HADOMI, love, like very much
HAE, grass variety
HAFETU, kick
HAFILA, return
HAFOIN, therefore, so, then
HAFULAK, embrace
HAHAN, food, nourishment
HAHANEK, wound
HAHOURIS, give birth
HAHU, begin
HAKARAK, want, desire
HAKAT, span of hand
HAKAT AIN, step, pace
HAKDIRUN, palm of hand
HAKEREK, write
HAFUIK, whistle
HAKILAR, shout, yell
HAKLALAK, shout
HAKMAHAN, camp
HAKOI, bury
HAKSI'AK, rowdy
HAKSOIT, jump
HAKSOLOK, happy
HAKSUMIK, hide
HALAI, run away
HALFODAK, astonish, frighten
HALI, banyan tree
HALIBUR, assemble, collect
HALIMAR, play
HALO, make, work, construct, do
HALO LOS, correct
HALUHA, forget
HAMLAHA, hungry
HAMNASA, laugh
HAMOS, cleanse
HAMROOK, thirsty
HAMUTU, HAMUTUK, together
HAN, food
HANANU, sing
HANEK, plate
HANESA, HANESAN, same, similar
HANOIN, think, remember
HANOURIN, teach
HARE, rice
HARE, see, look
HARE FULIN, ear of rice
HARE KAIN, rice stem
HARE NATAR, rice paddy
HARIS, bathe
HASAI, take away
HASAN, jaw, chin
HATAIS, clothes, get dressed
HATAMA, enter, insert
HATAN, answer, reply
HATENU, bark of dog
HATETEN, DEHAN, speak, talk, say
HATUDU, indicate, show way
HA'E, emphatic particle
HA'U, I HA'U NAIN, mine
HEIN, wait
HELA, live, stay, remain
HEMU, drink
HENA, cloth
HETAN, find, discover,
HILI, pick up
HIRA, how many, how much
HIRUS, angry, annoyed
HIRUS MATAN, chest
HITU, seven
HO, and, with
HODI, take, carry
HOPU, gallop
HOROK, charm, spell
HORON, smell
HORON KATAK, feel
HOTU, completed
HOTU, all
HOTU, too
HOURI, from (time)
HOUSI, from (place)
HUDI, banana
HUN, trunk of tree
HUN, base of anything
HUSAR, navel
HUSIK, leave, abandon
HUSU, ask
HUSU LIA, question
HUU, whisper, blow softly
HU'IN, genitals (female)

I

IBUN, mouth
IBUN KULIT, lip
IBUN RAHUN, beard
IDA, one; a
IDA DE'IT, one only
IDA IDA, each one
IDE NE'E, this one, this
IDE NE'E BA, that those
IDE NE'E BE, which, who
IDA NE'E DUNI, this one, definitely
IDA NE'E MAIZ, this one
IDA SELUK, another
IHA, is, have, possess
IHA, to at, on, in
IHA DOOK, far away
IHA KARUK, on left
IHA KIDUN, on the bottom
IHA KLARAN, in middle
IHA KRAIK, below
IHA KUANA, on right
IHA LARAN, inside
IHA LEET, in between
IHA LETEN, at the top, above
IHA LIMAN LOS, on right
IHA MOS NE'E BA, as well
IHA NE'E, here
IHE NE'E BA, there
IHA NIA OIN, in front of
IHA NIA SOURIN, at the side
IHA OKOS, underside
IHA ORAS NE'E, this time, then
IHA TUTUN, on top
IIS, breath
IKAN, fish
IKUN, tail
IKUS, last
IMI, you (plural)
IMI NIAN, yours
INA FERIK, grandmother
INAN BOOT, aunt older than mother
INAN KI'IK, aunt younger than mother
INUS, nose
INUS BEEN, snot
ISIN, body
ISIN MALARIN, fever
ISIN MANAS, fever
ITA, we (incl.), you (polite)
ITA NIA, our
ITA NIAN, ours
IU, shark

J

JAMBUA, DAMBUA, grapefruit
JANTAR (P), dinner
JOGA (P), play
JOGA SURAT (I), play cards

K

KA, or KA'AN, sister-in-law
KABAS, cotton
KABAS FATUK, cotton ball
KABAS LAHAN, cotton thread
KABEER, smooth
KABEN, wife (polite)
KABUAR, round, plump
KABUK, pregnant
KABUN, stomach
KABUN DULAS, stomach ache
KABUN MORAS, stomach ache
KADELI, ring
KADI, sharpen
KADO, saw
KAFE, coffee
KAIL, fish hook
KA'I LISIN, fish hook
KAIR, hold, grasp, drive car
KA'IT, hook, girlfriend
KAKATUA, cockatoo, pliers
KAKELUN, bracelet
KAKEU, casuarina tree
KAKOROK, neck, throat
KAKU, owl
KAKULUK, roof
KAKUTAK, brain
KAL, maybe, perhaps
KALAN, night
KALEN, tin
KALOHAN, cloud
KAN, greedy
KANEK, wound, injure
KANURU, spoon
KAOA, crow
KAPAS (P), good, capable, beautiful
KARAU, buffalo
KARAU KULIT, hide, leather
KARAU UAKA, oxen
KARAU UAKA AMAN, bull
KARAU UAKA OAN, calf
KARETA (P), truck, bus
KARIK, maybe, perhaps, if
KARO (P), car
KARUDU, mint
KARUK, left
KATAR, scratch, itchy
KATUAS, old man
KA'UT, bag, sack
KBAS, KEBAS, shoulder
KBELAK, disc
KDORAN, water vessel
KEDAN, KEDAS, immediately, at once
KEDO, frog
KELA, cricket (insect)
KELEN, thigh
KELEN SOLAN, groin
KELEUR ONA, long time ago
KESI, fasten, tie
KETA, KETAK, don't
KE'E, dig
KFOLI, loin-cloth
KFUI, whistle
KIAK, poor, orphan
KIDAN, haunch, hindquarters
KIDUN, bottom, buttocks
KIDUN MEAN, haemorrhoids
KILAT, firearm
KILAT FUAN, bullet
KINAS, petal
KINU, yellow
KINUR, saffron
KITI LILI, firefly, glow worm
KIUKAE, quail
KI'IK, little, small
KLAMAR, soul, spirit
KLARAN, middle
KLES, open, bare; a shred
KLEUK, bent, crooked
KLEUR, long time
KLOOT, tight, narrow
KLOSAN, young, single nobleman
KLUNI, pillow
KMAAN, light, not heavy
KMAHA, dew
KMANEK, good, goodness
KMAUS, rich
KMII, candlenut tree
KNAAR, work, job
KNIKU, bamboo water, vessel
KNUA, hamlet, village
KNUUK, nest
KOBARKA, basket
KOHE, purse
KOKO, try, attempt
KOKOK, touch, feel
KOKOROK, neck
KOLAR, smallpox
KOLE, KOLEN, tired; wages
KONA, towards KOSAR, sweat
KOSE, wipe, brush
KOTU, break
KOU'US, pregnant, cuddle
KO'A, cut
KO'A LIA, speak, talk
KRAIK, down
KREDA, chruch
KUAK, hole
KUANA, right
KUDA horse
KUDSA, sow seed, plant
KUDA HETIN, girth
KOTU KOTUK, saddle bag
KUDA LUHAN, stable
KUDA LUBUN, kick by horse
KUDA TAILN, halter, harness, rope
KUIK, KURITA, octopus
KULAN, giblet
KULIT, hide, skin, bark
KULU, breadfruit
KULU NAKA, jackfruit
KUNUS, capsicum KURITA, octopus
KURU, scoop water
KUSA, nail
KUTUN, flea
KUUS, snot, nasal mucous
KU'U, pick, gather

L
LA, LAE, no, not LA BELE, can not LA BUAT IDA, nothing LA DUN BARAK, not much LA IDA, none LA IHA, none LA LOS, wrong LA TOS, easy, not difficult LA TO'O, lacking LABADAIN, spider LABARIK, LAUARIK, youth LABARIK FETO, girl LABARIK MANE, boy LAEK, without, not any LAFAEK, crocodile LAFATIK, winnowing basket LAHA, hunger LAHAN, thread LAHAT, net for shrimps LAHO, rat LAI, first, formerly LAKAN, flame LAKETEU, pigeon LAKERU, pumpkin LAKLEUR, not long, soon LAKOI, don't want, refuse LAKON, lost LAKU, possum LALAIS (LAILAIS), quickly LALAR, fly (insect) LALATIK, earthworm LALEHAN, sky LALENOK, mirror LALKIKA, unnecessary LALORON, wave LAMAS, touch, feel LANTENT, sleeping area LANU, drunk LAPIS (P), pencil LARAN, inside, conscience LARAN AAT, evil LARAN MAKEREK, treacherous LARAN MORAS, sick LASAN, penis LASAN FUAN, testicles LA'EN, husband LA'O, go, walk, travel LA'O DE'IT, on foot, walk only LA-OS, nothing LEBO, carry LEKIRAUK, monkey LELE, float LEMU, travel about LENA, sesame LENUK, turtle LERE, trim, cut (garden, grass) LES, tear, rip LESU, hollow log for grinding LET, LEET, gap, space, between LETEN, above LE'U, fence in LIA, word, speech LIA SUIK, secret LIAN, voice, noise LIBRU (P), book LILIN, wax LIMA, five LIMAN, arm LIMAN FUAN, finger LIMAN KABON, arm LIMAN KUKUUN, finger nail LIMAN TANEN, palm LIPA, sarong LIS ASU, garlic LIS BOT, onion LIU, superlative LIU TAN, more, too much LIU TIHA, later LIUR, outside LIUR FATIUN, toilet LIURAI, king LOJA (P), shop LOKE, open LOLON, mass, body LORAIK, afternoon LORO, sun LORO LOR, south LORO MANAS, midday LORO NATUNTUN, midday LORO RUAI, north LORO SA'E, sunrise, east LORON, day LRORON MONU, sunset, west LORON NAROMAN, dawn LORU, LORU TAHAN, laurel tree, bay leaf LOS, right, correct, straight LOTUK, slender Slim LOURI, carry LUAN, courtyard LUHAn, stable LULIK, sacred LUTU, fence LUUN, tears LUUN TURU, cry tears
M
MAHAN, shade MAHAR, thick MAI, come MAI BE, but MAI FALI, come back MAK, MAKA, empathic particle MAKA'AS, strong, sturdy MAKEREK, tricky, variegated MAKIKIT, kite, eagle MAKSOURIN, kidney MALAE, stranger, foreigner MALAHUK, grey MALAIRIN, cold MALU, mutual, reciprocal MALUK, relatives MALUS TAHAN, betel leaf MAMAR, soft, gentle MAMIIK, bladder MAMUK, empty, hollow MANAN, win, earn MANAS, hot MANDUKO, frog MANE, man, male MANTOLUN, egg (hen) MANU, bird MANU FUTU, cockfighting MANU RADE, duck MANU RADE BOOT, goose MARAN, dry MAROMAK, good MASAR, asthma MASIN, salt MASIN MAIDAR, sugar MATAK, green, unripe MATAN, eye, lid MATAN DOOK, native doctor MATAN FUKUN, eyebrow MATAN KULIT, eyelid MATAN OAN, pupil MATE, dead MATE KLAMAR, spirit (of dead) MATEK, dormant, ignition off MATENEK, clever MAU, MAUK, male of names MAUN, brother MAUS, tame MEAN, red MEDA, small marsupial MEHI, dream MEIAS (P), sock MESA, MESAK, only, alone MESTRE (P), teacher METAN, black METI, short, reef METIN, solid, firm ME'AR, cough MIDAR, sweet MIHIS, thin MII, urinate, MEINA, fat, oil MODO, vegetable MODO BEN, soup MODOK, green, yellow MOE, shy, ashamed MOLOK, before (time) MONU, fall MORANGU (P), strawberry MORAS, sick MOS, clean; also too MOSU, appear MOTA, river MOTA AIN, reiver lower reaches MOTA IBUN, river mouth MOTA SULI, river bed MOULIK, bald MOURIN, scent MOURIS, alive MOUT, sink MUDA (P), move MURAK, gold MUSAN, seed MUTA, vomit MUTIN, white MUU, kiss
N
NA'AN, meat NAFATIN, always, ever NAHAN, cargo, goods NAHE, spread out, divide NAHUN, so, so much NAKDED AR, tremble NAKALI (BE), boil (water) NAKDOKO, rattle NAKFUNAN, mouldy NAKONU, full NAKUKUN, dark NALIUN, lake NANAL, tongue NANI, NANIN swim NARAN, name NARAN BUAT, anyone NARAN IDA, whoever NAROMA, daylight, not dark NARUK, long NATA, chew NATAR, paddy field NATI, bed bug NA'IN, sir (polite title) NA'UK, steal NEEN, six NEHAN, tooth NEHEK, ant NEINEIK, slowly NEON, conscience NESUN, mortar NE'E, this, that NE'E BA, that NE'E BE, which, who NE'E DUNI, therfore NE'E MAI, these NIA, he, possessive particle NIKI, bat (animal) NONA, mistress NONOOK, silent, keep quiet NUDAR, as, as well NURAK, young immature NUU, coconut NU'U NE'E, so, therefore NU'U NE'E DUNI, exactly NU'U SA, why
O
O, you (singular) OAN, child OAN FATIN, uterus OAN FETO, young girl OAN KIAK, orphan OAN MANE, young boy OBRIGADO (P), thanks ODA MATAN, door ODAN, step OHIN, today OHO, kill OIN, face, appearance OIN AAT, ugly, deformed OIN KRAIK, sad OIN SELUK, different OKOS, below ONA, now; past tense particle ORAS, hour, time OSAN, money OSAN MEAN, gold OSAN MUTIN, silver OSAN NARAN, dowry gift
R
RAAT, beach RABAT, near, close RAHUN, dust; fate RAI, ground, land, earth, world RAI AHU, fog RAI FOHO, mountain RAI HELA, guard RAI HENEK, sand RAI HORUN, precipice RAI HUN, mountain foot RAI INUS, cape RAI KABURBUR, hillock, mound RAI KLEAN, slope (of hill) RAI KUAK, hole RAI LOLON, ranghe RAI MALIRIN, cold weather RAI MANAS, hot weather RAI MARAN, dry weather RAI MOULIK, bare space RAI NAKDODO, earthquake RAI NAKUDU, dark RAI SADERE, hillside RAI SUUT, volcano RAI TARTUTU, thunder RAI UDAN, wet weather RAMA, bow RAMA ISIN, arrow RAN, blood RATE, grave RAUT, gather, collect REBEN, ten thousand REBU, lake REDI, fishing net RENTOS, forehead RESIN, more RE'I LIMAN, kiss hand RIAN, brother-in-law RIHUN, thousand RIIN, post, stake RITI, copper, brass RO, boat RO AHI, steam ship ROHAN, tip, extremity RONA, hear ROPA (P), clothes RO RII, mast ROSAK, strong RUA, two RUANULU, twenty RUIN, bone RUMAH, RUMA, any, something RUSA, deer
S
SA, tea SA, what SA IDA, which, what SABAUN (P), soap SABRUKA, orange SABULU, woman's sarong SABURAKA, orange SABURAKA SIIN, lemon SADERE, lean against, support SADIA, compassion SAI, go out SAKUNAR, scorpion SALA, fault, error, sin SALURIK, umbrella SAMA, trample SAMEA, snake SAMODO, green snake SANAK, branch SANAN, pot SANAN BESI, iron pot SANULU, ten SARAK, at least SARANI, Christian SARAUK, black and white SASAN, goods, belongings SASUIT, comb SA'E, climb, rise, mount, go up SA'E RO, board, embark SE, who, whom SEBI (P), chief SEI, future particle SEI DAUK, not yet SELE, destroy, rip up SELU, pay, repay SELUK, other, another SEMO, fly SENTINA (P), toilet SIA, nine SIIN, sour SIMU, answer, take, accept SIRA, they SI'AK, angry SI'IK, guess SOBU, destroy SOE, throw away, discard SOLAN, groin SONA, roast SORO, hunt SOSA, buy SOURI, defend SOURIN BALU, opposite side SOURI-AN, defend oneself SOURU, weave SOURUK, go away, get out SO'O, plough up SUBAR, hide, conceal SUBRAKA, orange SUBRAKA LOTUK, mandarin SUBRAKA SIIN, lemon SUHUK, asthma SUI, extract SUKAIR, tamarind SUKAT, measure SUKU, mend, sew SULAN, shut, cork up SULI, flow SUMIK, secret SUNU, scorch, burn SURA, count SURAT, paper, letter, book SURIK, sword SURU, serve meal SUSAR, difficult SUSU, breast SUSU BEN, milk SUSU MATAN, nipple SUSUK, mosquito SUSUN, suckle SUUT, blow nose
T
TAA, cut, chop TAA ULUN, decapitate TABAKU, tobacco TAFUI, spit TAHA, knife TAHAN, leaf TAHU, mud, clay TAI TETU, valley TAIS, garment TAKA, shut, close TALAS, yam TALIN, rope TAMA, enter, go in TAN, more; find TAN, more, again TAN BA, why, because TANIS, cry TARA, spur for cock fighting TARATA, insult TASKA, ripe TASI, sea TASI BALUN, overseas TASI BE, sea water TASI BOOT, rough sea TASI IBUN, beach TASI INUS, cape TASI KIDUN, sea bottom TASI MAUS, calm sea TASI NAKONU, high tide TASI SI'AK, angry sea TASTI TUN, low tide TATA, bite TAU, put, place TAUTAN, increase TA'UK, afraid TE, excreta TEBE DAI, dance TEBES, truly TETEBES, certainly TEIN, cook TEKI, gecko TENE, invite TERUS, suffer
TESI, cut

U

UALU, eight
UARTA, strong wind
UAT, vein
UDAN, rain
UDAN RAHUN, light rain
UDAN TAU, raining
UE, water also BE UIT OAN, small, little
UIT OAN DEIT, very little
UKUN, govern, rule
ULAR, worm
ULU, ULUM, first, before, in front
ULUK, formerly, in the past
ULUN, head
ULUN FATUK, skull
ULUN MORAS, headache
ULUN MOULIK, bald
UMA, house
UMA HAN, restaurant
UMA KAKULUK, house roof
UMA KREBEK, house ruins
UMA KREDA, church
UMA TALIN, house thatch
UTUR, mould
UUD, whale
UUT, dust

A

above, LETEN abscess, FISUR afraid, TA'UK afternoon, LORAIK again, FALI alive, MOURIS all, HOTU all, TOMAK always, NAFATIN and, with, HO angry, SI'AK angry, annoyed, HIRUS angry sea, TASI SI'AK ankle ornaments, BABETA another, IDA SELUK answer, reply, HATAN answer, take, accept, SIMU ant, NEHEK any, something, RUMAH, RUMA anone, NARAN BUAT appear, MOSU arm, LIMAN KABON arm, LIMAN arrow, RAMA ISIN as, as well, NUDAR as well, IHA MOS NE'E BA ash, AHU KRESAN ash, AHI KELAN ash, (see AHI ANAR), ANAR ask, HUSU assemble, HALIBUR asthma, MASAR asthma, SUHUK astonish, frighten, HAKFODAK astringent taste, BAER, BAAR at, in, on, to, for, BA at least, SARAK at the side, IHA NIA SOURIN at the top, above, IHA LETEN aunt older than mother, INAN BOOT aunt younger than mother, INAN KI'IK awake, HADER awake FUNUN axe, BALIU
B
bad, evil, AAT bag, sack, KA'UT bald, MOULIK bald, ULUN MOULIK bamboo, AU bamboo flooring, HADAK bamboo water vessel, KNIKU banana, HUDI banyan tree, HALI bare space, RAI MOULIK bark of dog, HATENU bark of a tree, AI KULIT base of anything, HUN basket, KOBARKA bat, NIKI bathe, HARIS beach, TASI IBUN bean, FOREI beard, IBUN RAHUN beat, punish, BAKU bed, TOBA FATIN bead bug, NATI bee, BANI before (time) MOLOK begin, HAHU below, IHA KRAIK below, OKOS bent, crooked, KLEUK betel leaf, MALUS TAHAN beten nut, BUA big, large, BOOT bird, MANU bite, TATA bitter melon, BARIA black, METAN black and white, SARAUK bladder, MAMIIK blind, DELEK blood, RAN blow nose, SUUT board, embark, SA'E RO boat, RO body, ISIN boil food, DA'AN bone, RUIN book (P), LIBRU bottle (P), BOTIL bottom, buttocks, KIDUN bow, RAMA box, chest, AI BALU boy, LABARIK MANE bracelet, KAKELUN branch, SANAK branch of a tree, AI SANAK breadfruit, KULU break, KOTU break, fracture, TOHAR breast, SUSU breath, IIS broom, AI SAR brother, MAUN brother-in-law, RIAN buffalo, KARAU bull, KARAU UAKA AMAN bullet, KILAT FUAN bunch, FULIN bury, HAKOI but, MAI BE buy, SOSA
C
calf, KARAU UAKA OAN call out, BOLU calm sea, TASI MAUS camp, HAKMAHAN can, able, BELE can not, LA BELE candlenut tree, KMII canoe, BERO cape, TASI INUS cape, RAI INUS capsicum, KUMUS car, KARO (P) cargo, goods, NAHAN carpenter, BADAIN AI carry, LEBO carry, LOURI cassava, AI LUKA, AI FARINA cassava flour, AI FARINA casuarina tree, JAJEY cat, BUSA cave, FATU KUAK certain, sure, TETEBES change, alter, FILAK charm, spell, HOROK chase, DUNI chest, HIRUS MATAN chew, NATA chief, SEBI (P) child, OAN chilli, AI MANAS Christian, SARANI church, UMA KREDA church, KREDA cleanse, HAMOS clean; also, too, MOS clever, MATENEK climb, mount, go up, SA'E cloth, HENA clothes, FARU, ROPA (P) clothes, get dressed, HATAIS cloud, KALOHAN cockatoo; pliers, KAKATUA cickfighting, MANU FUTU coconut, NUU coffee, KAFE cold, MALIRIN cold weather, RAI MALIRIN collect, assemble, HALIBUR comb, SASUIT come, MAI come back, MAI FALI compassion, SADIA complain, nag, TOLOK completed, HOTU conscience, NEON cook, TEIN cook by charring, AHI HAHAN copper, BIRAK copper, brass, RITI corn cob, BATAR FULIN correct, HALO LOS cotton, KABAS cotton ball, KABAS FATUK cotton thread, KABAS LAHAN cough, ME'AR count, SURA courtyard, LUAN circket (insect) KELA crocodile, LAFAEK crow, KAOA cry, TANIS cry tears, LUUN TURU cuddle, KOU'US cut, TESI cut, KO'A cut, chop, TAA cyclone, ANIN FUIK
D
dance, BIDU dance, TEBE DAI dark, NAKUNUN darling, dear, DOBEN daughter-in-law, FETO FOUN dawn, LORON NAROMAN day, LORON day, BAIN, UAIN daylight, not dark, NAROMA dead, MATE deaf, DIUK debt, TUSAN decapitate, TAA ULUN decide, TESI LIAN deer, BIBI RUSA deer, RUSA defend, SOURI defend oneself, SOURI-AN destroy, SOBU destroy, rip up, SELE detain, DAHUR dew, KMAHA different, OIN SELUK difficult, SUSAR dig, KE'E digging stick, AI SUAK dinner, JANTAR (P) dirty, FO'ER disc, KBELAK, BELAK divide, FAHE doctor (native), MATAN DOOK dog, ASU domestic animals, BINATAN domestic stock, BALADA don't, KETA, KETAK don't want, reject, LAKOI door, ODA MATAN dormant, ignition off, MATEK down, KRAIK down, descend, TUN dowry gift, OSAN NARAN dream, MEHI drink, HEMU drop, HAMONU drum, BABA drunk, LANU dry, MARAN dry weather, RAI MARAN duck, MANU RADE dust, UUT dust; fate, RAHUN
E
each one, IDA IDA ear, TILUN ear hole, TILUN KUAK ear of rice, HARE FULIN early morning, DADER earthquake, RAI NAKDODO earthworm, LALATIK easy, not difficult, LA TOS eat, HA edible portion of fruit, AI FUAN ISIN eel, TUNA egg, TOLUN egg (hen), MANTOLUN eight, UALU ember, glowing coal, AHI ANAR embrace, HAFULAK emphatic particle, HA'E emphatic particle, MAK, MAKA empty, hollow, MAMUK enough, TO'O ONA enter, go in, TAMA enter, insert, HATAMA eucalyptus, AI BUBUR METIN eucalyptus, AI BUBUR MUTIN evil, LARAN AAT exactly, NU'U NE'E DUNI excreta, TE extract, SUI eye, lid, MATAN eyebrow, MATAN FUKUN eyelid, MATAN KULIT
F
face, appearance, OIN fall, MONU far, distant, DOOK far away, IHA DOOK fasten, tie, KESI fat, BOKUR fat, oil, MINA father, male of animals, AMAN father-in-law, BANIN MANE fault, error, sin, SALA feel, HORON KATAK feminine, FETOK fence, LUTU fence in, LE'U fever, ISIN MALRIN fever, ISIN MANAS few, little, DUN, LA DUN fight, TUKU MALU fight, BAKU MALU find, discover, HETAN finger, LIMAN FUAN finger nail, LIMAN KUKUN fire, AHI firearm, KILAT firefly, KITI LILI first, before, ULU, ULUN first, formerly, LAI fish, IKAN fish hook, KAIL fish hook, KA'I LISIN fishing net, REDI five, LIMA flame, LAKAN flame, AHI LAKAN flat, level, BELAR flea, ASU KUTIN flea, KUTUN float, LELE flour, FARINA (P) flow, SULI flower, FUAN flower, AI FUAN fly, SEMO fly (insect), LALAR foam of sea, FURIN fog, RAI AHU follow, obey, TUIR food, HAN food, nourishment, HAHAN footprint, AIN FATIN forehead, RENTOS forest, AI LARAN forget, HALUHA fork, GARFU (P) formerly, in the past, ULUK four, HAAT friend, AMIGU (P) friend, BELU frog, KEDO from (place), HOUSI from (time), HOURI fruit, AI FUAN fruit, heart, FUAN fruit seed, AI FUAN MUSAN fruit skin, AI FUAN KULIT full, NAKONU future particle, SEI
G
gallop, HOPU gap, space between, LET, LEET garden, TO'OS garlic, LIS ASU garment, TAIS gather, collect, RAUT gecko, TECKI genitals female, HU'IN giblet, KULAN giner, AI LIA girl, LABARIK FETO girth, KUTA HETIN give, FO give birth, HAHOURIS go, proceed, go off, BA go, walk, travel, LA'O go away, get out, SOURUK go out, SAI goat, BIBI god, MAROMAK godfather, AMAN SARANI gold, OSAN MEAN gold, MURAK good, beautiful, KAPAS (P) good, goodness, KMANEK good, well, DI'AK goods, belongings, SASAN goose, MANU RADE BOOT govern, rule, UKUN grandfather, AMAN TUAN grandmother, INA FERIK grandparent, BEIN grapefruit, DAMBUA grass, DUUT grass variety, HAE grave, RATE greedy, KAN green, unripe, MATAK green, yellow, MODOK grey, MALAHUK groin, KELEN SOLAN groin, SOLAN ground, land, earth, world, RAI guard, RAI HELA guess, SI'IK

H

haemorrhoids, KIDUN MEAN hair of head, FUUK hair (of body), feather, FULUN halter, harness, KUDA TALIN hamlet, village, KNUA happy, HAKSOLOK harrow, weed, FAHO hunch, hindquarters, KIDAN he, possessive article, NIA head, ULUN headache, ULUN MORAS hear, RONA heavy, TODAN here, IHA NE'E hide, HAMSUMIK hide, conceal, SUBAR hide, leather, KARAU KULIT hide, skin, bark, KULIT high, tall, AAS high tide, TASI NAKONU hillock, mound, RAI KABURBUR hillside, RAI SADERE hold, grasp, drive car, KAIR hole, KUAK hole, RAI KUAK hollow log for grinding, LESU honey, BENI BEN horn trumpet, BABOO horns, antlers, DIKUR horse, KUDA hot, MANAS hot weather, RAI MANAS hour, time, ORAS house, UMA house roof, UMA KAKULUK houe ruins, UMA KREBEK house thatch, UMA TALIN how many, how much, HIRA how many stick, AIN HIRA hundred, ATUS hunger, LAHA hungry, HAMLAHA hunt, SORO husband, LA'EN
I
I, HA'U immediately, KEDAN, KEDAS improve, HADI'AK in between, IHA LEET in front of, IHA NIA OIN in middle, IHA KLARAN increase, TAU TAN indicate, show way, HATUDU inside, LARAN insult, TARATA insult, criticize, TOLOK MALU invite, TENE iron, BESI iron pot, SANAN BESI is, have, possess, IHA
J
jackfruit, KULU NAKA jaw, chin, HASAN jump, HAKSOIT just, already, FOIN
K
kapok, AI LELE kick, HAFETU kick by horse, KUDA LUBUN kidney, MAKSOURIN kill, OHO king, LIURAI kiss, MUU kiss hand, RE'I LIMAN kite, eagle, MAKIKIT knife, TUDIK knife, TAHA knot in tree, AI FUKUN
L
lacking, LA TO'O lake, NALIUN lake, REBU lamp, AHI OAN last, IKUS later, LIU TIHA laugh, HAMNASA laurel, bay leaf, LORU TAHAN laziness, BARUK TEEN lazy, BARUK leaf, AI TAHAN leaf, TAHAN leaf tip, DIKIN lean against, support, SADERE leave, abandon, HUSIK left, KARUK leg, foot, AIN lemon, SUBRAKA SIIN lemon, SABURAKA SIIN lemon, DEROK MASIN lie, deceive, BOSOK lie down, TOBA lift by fingers, BI'IT light, not heavy, KMAAN light rain, UDAN RAHUN like, GOSTA (P) lime, AHU lip, IBUN KULIT liquid, juice, sap, BEEN little, small, KI'IK live, stay, remain, HELA liver, ATEN METAN loin-cloth, KFOLI long, NARUK long time, KLEUR lost, LAKON love, like very much, HADOMI low tide, TASI TUN
M
mad, crazy, BULAK mahogany, AI SARIAN maize, indian corn, BATAR make, work, construct, do, HALO male of names, MAU, MAUK man, male, MANE maadarin, SUBRAKA LOTUK mane of horse, DADINIS mango, HAAS many, much, BARAK market, BASAR masculine, AMAK mass, body, LOLON mast, RO RII match, AHI KOSE, AI KOSE maybe, perhaps, KAL maybe, perhaps, if, KARIK measure, SUKAT measuring stick, AI SUKAT meat, NA'AN medicine, AI MORUK mend, sew, SUKIU midday, LORO MANAS midday, LORO MNATUTUN middle, BALU middle, KLARAN milk, SUSU BEN mine, HA'U NAIN mint, KARUDU mirror, LELENOK mistress, NONA money, OSAN monkey, LEKIRAUK moon, month, FULAN more, RESIN more again, TAN more, too much, LIU TAN more; find, TAN mortar, NESUN mosquito, SUSUK mother-in-law, BANIN FETO mould, UTUR mouldy, NAKFUNAN mountain, FOHO mountain, RAI FOHO mountain foot, RAI HUN mountain top, RAI TUTUN mouth, IBUN move, MUDA (P) mud, clay, TAHU mutual, reciprocal, MALU
N
nail, KUSA name, NARAN navel, HUSAR near, close, RABAT near, close, BESIK neck, KOKOROK needle, DAUN nest, KNUUK net for shrimps, LAHAT new, young, FOUN night, KALAN nine, SIA nipple, SUSU MATAN no, not, LA, LAE noble class, DATO none, LA IDA none, LA IHA north, LORO RAI nose, INUS not long, soon, LAKLEUR not much, LA DUN BARAK not yet, SEI DAUK nothing, LA-OS nothing, LA BUAT IDA now, past tense particle, ONA now, AGORA (P)
O
octopus, KUIK, KURITA often, continually, BEIBEIK old man, KATUAS old woman, FEIK on foot, walk only, LA'O DE'IT on left, IHA KARUK on right, IHA LIMAN LOS on the bottom, IHA KIDUN on top, IHA TUTIN once, DALA IDA one, IDA one only, IDA DE'IT onion, LIS BOT only, DE'IT only, alone, MESA, MESAK open, LOKE open, bare, a shred, KLES opposite side, SOURIN BALU or, KA orange, SABRUKA, SUBRAKA, SABURAKA orphan, OAN KIAK other, another, SELUK our, ITA NIA ours, ITA NIAN outside, LIUR overseas, TASI BALUN owl, KAKU, KUKU oxen, KARAU UAKA oyster, TIRAN
P
paddy field, NATAR palm, LIMAN TANEN palm of jand, HAKDIRUN palm wine, TUAKA paper, letter, book, SURAT parcel, FALUN pacel, package, FUTUN pawpaw tree, AI DILA pawpaw fruit. AI DILA FUAN pay, repay, SELU pea, ERAVILA (P) peanut, FOREI RAI pencil, LAPIS (P) penis, LASAN person, EMA pestle, ALU, ALUN petal, KINAS petal, AI FUNAN KINAS pick, gather, KU'U pick up, HILI pig, FAHI pigeon, FALUR, LAKETEU pillow, KLUNI pimply, fruitful, FUAK pineapple, ANANAS (P) place, spot, position, FATIN plain, RAI TETUK plank, board, AI KEBELAK plate, HANEK plate, BIKAN play, HALIMAR play cards, JOGA SURAT (I) play, JOGA (P) plough up, SO'O poor, orphan, KIAK possum, LAKU post, stake, RIIN pot, SANAN potato, FEHUK ROPA pound, crush, FAI pour liquid, FUI precipice, RAI HORUN pregnant, KABUK pregnant, KOU'US prce, cost, FOLIN pull, drag, DADA pull, jerk, FOKIT pull out, FUKIT pumpkin, LAKERU punch, strike, TUKU pupil, MATAN OAN purse, KOJE purse (woven), TIU push, DUDU put, place, TAU python, FOHO RAI
Q
quail, KIUKAE question, HUSU LIA quickly, LALAIS (LAILAIS)
R
rain, UDAN rainbow, BAUR raining, UDAN TAU range, RAI LOLON rat, LAHO rattle, NAKDOKO red, MEAN relatives, MALUK restaurant, UMA HAN return, HAFILA return, go home, FILA FALI rice, HARE rice (cooked), ETU rice (Husked), FOS rice paddy, HARE NATAR rice powder, talc, BADAAK rice stem, HARE KAIN rich, KMAUS right, KUANA right, correct, straight, LOS ring, KADELI ripe, TASAK river, MOTA river bed, MOTA SULI river (lower reaches), MOTA AIN river mouth, MOTA IBUN roast, SONA roast, TUNU roll up, BOBAR roof, KAKULUK root, AI ABUT root, ABUT rope, TALIN rose, AI NAR rotten, DODOK rough sea, TASI BOOT round, plump, KABUAR rowdy, HAKSI'AK run away, HALAI
S
sack, BUU, KBUU sacred, LULIK sad, OIN KRAIK saddle bag, KUDA KOTUK saffron, KINUR sago, AKAR salt, MASIN same, similar, HANESA, HANESAN sand, RAI HENEK sandalwood, AI KAMELI sap, juice, resin, AI BEN, AI UEN sarong, LIPA savage, untamed, BUIS savage, wild man, EMA FUIK saw, KADO sawdust, AI RAHUN say, speak, DEHAN scent, MOURIN school, ESKOLA (P) scoop water, KURU scorch, burn, SUNU scorpion, SAKUNAR scratch, itchy, KATAR seas, TASI sea bottom, TASI KIDUN seas water, TASI BE secret, LIA SUIK see, look, HARE seed, MUSAN seek, look for, BUKA sell, FA'AN serve meal, SURU sesame, LENA seven, HITU shade, AI MAHoN shade, MAHN shark, IU sharpen, KADI sheep, BIBI MALAE shop, LOJA (P) shoot, AI TAHAN DIKIN shore, reef, METI short, BADAK shot, discharge of gun, TIRU shoulder, KBAS, KEBAS shout, HAKLALAK shout, yell, HAKILAR shrimp, BOEK shut, close, TAKA shut, cork up, SULAN shy, ashamed, MOE sick, LARAN MORAS sick, MORAS silent, keep quiet, NONOOK silver, OSAN MUTIN sing, HANANU sink, MOUT sir (polite title), NA'I, NA'IN sister, BIIN sister-in-law, KA'AN sit, TUR six, NEEN skull, ULUN FATUK sky, LALEHAN slave, ATAN sleep, DUKUR sleeping area, LANTEN sleeping mat, BITI slender, slim, LOTUK slope (of hill), RAI KLEAN slow, NEINEIK small, little, UIT OAN small marsupial, MEDA smallpox, KOLAR smell, HORON smoke, AHI SUAR smoke tobacco, FUMA (P) smooth, KABEER snail, slug, BABUKU snake, SAMODO snake, SAMEA snot, KUUS snot, INUS BEEN so, so much, NAHUN so, therefore, NU'U NE'E soap, SABAUN (P) sock, MEIAS (P) soft, gentle, MAMAR sold, firm, METIN some, part, half, BALU something, BUAT RUMA song sung at gatherings, DAHUR soon, not long, LA KLEUR sorcerer, BUAN soul, spirit, KLAMAR soup, MODO BEN sour, SIIN south, LORO LOR sow seed, plant, KUDA soya bean, FOREI KELI span of hand, HAKAT speak, talk, KO'A LIA speak, say, HETETEN, DEHAN spear, DIMA spider, LABADAIN spirit (of dead), MATE KLAMAR spit, TAFUI spoon, KANURU spread out, divide, NAHE spring, BE MATAN spur for cock fighting, TARA stable, corral, LUHAN KUDA LUHAN stake, post, AI RII, AI RIIN star, FITUN steal, NA'UK steam shop, RO AHI steel, BESI ASU steel, hard, ASU (P) step, ODAN step, pace, HAKAT AIN stink, smell, DOIS stomach, KABUN stomach ache, KABUN DULAS stomach ache, KABUN MORAS stone, rock, FATUK straight tree, AI LOS stranger, foreigner, MALAE strawberry, MORANGU (P) strength, BIIT strong, ROSAK strong, sturdy, MAKA'AS strong wind, UARAT strong wind, ANIN BOOT stupid, BEIK suckle, SUSUN suffer, TERUS sugar, MASIN MIDAR sugar cane, AU TOUHU sun, LORO Sunday, DOMINGU (P) sunrise, LORO SA'E sunset, west, LORON MONU superlative, LIU swallow, TOLAN swamp, BE KOLAN sweat, KOSAR sweep, DASA sweet, MIDAR sweet corn, BATAR NURAK sweet potato, FEHUK MIDA swim, NANI, NANIN sword, SURIK syringe, BABURIT
T
tail, IKUN take, carry, HODI take away, HASAI talc, BADAAK tamarind, SUKAIR tame, MAUS tasty, nice, FURAK tea, SA teach, HANOURIN teacher, GURU (I) teacher, MESTRE (P) tear, ripe, LES tears, LUUN ten, SANULU ten thousand, REBEN testicles, LASAN FUAN thanks, OBRIGADO (P) that, NE'E BA that, those, IDA NE'E BA there, IHA NE'EBA therefore, NE'E DUNI therefore, so, then, HAFOIN these, NE'E MAI they, SIRA, SIA thick, MAHAR thick, BOKAR thigh, KELEN thin, MIHIS thing, BUAT think, remember, HANOIN thirsty, HAMROOK this, that, NE'E this one, IDA NE'E MAI this one, this, IDA NE'E this definitely, IDA NE'E DUNI this time, then, IHA ORAS NE'E thorn. AI TARAK thousand, RIHUN thread, LAHAN three, TOLU thresh grain, BE'U throw away, discard, SOE throw; past tense, TIHA thunder, RAI TARUTA tie up, FUTU tight, narrow, KLOOT timid, FODAK tin, KALEN tip, extremity, ROHAN tired; wages, KOLE, KOLEN to, at, on, in, IHA tobacco, TABAKU today, OHIN today, LORON NE'E together, HAMUTU, HAMUTUK toilet, SENTINA (P) toilet, LIUR FATIN tomorrow, ABAN tongue, NANAL too HOTU too, MOS tooth, NEHAN top, summit, TUTUN touch, BOK touch, feel, KOKOK touch, feel, LAMAS towards, KONA track, road, DALAN tradesman, BADAQIN trample, SAMA travel about, LEMU treacherous, LARAN MAKEREK tree, wood, firewood, AI tree base, AI HUN tremble, NAKDEDAR ticky, BOBAR tricky, variegated, MAKEREK trim, cut (garden), LERE truly, TEBES truck, bus, KARETA (P) trunk of tree, AI LOLON trunk of tree, HUN try, attempt, KOKO tuber of all kinds, FEHUK turn, FILA turtle, LENUK twenty, RUANULU twist, DULAS two, RUA
U
ugly, deformed, OIN AAT umbrella, SALURIK uncle older than brother, AMAN BOOT uncle younger than brother, AMAN KIIK underside, IHA OKOS unnecessary, LALIKA until, TO'O urinate, MII uterus, OAN FATIN

V

valley, TAI TETU vegetable, MODO vein, UAT verse in two lines, DADOLIN very little, UIT OAN DEIT vinegar, TUA SIIN virgin, FETO RAN voice, noise, LIAN volcano, RAI SUUT vomit, MUTA

W

wait, HEIN
wall, DIDIN
want, desire, HAKARAK
war, FUNU
wash, FASI, FASE
wash clean, FASI MOS
water, BE, UE
water vesssel, KDORAN
wave, LALORON
wax, LILIN
we (exclusive), AMI
we (incl), you (polite), ITA
weave, SOURU
wet, BOKUN
wet weather, RAI UDAN
whale, UUD
what, SA
when, BAIN HIRA
where, IHA NE'E BE
which, what, SA IDA
which, who, NE'E BE
which who, IDA NE'E BE
whisper, blow softly, HUU
whistle, KFUI
whistle, HAKFUIK
white, MUTIN
who, whom, SE
whoever, NARAN IDA why, NU'U SA
why, because, TAN BA
widow, FETO FALUK
widowed, FALUK
wife (impolite), FEN
wife (polite), KABEN
wild, savage, FUIK
win, earn, MANAN
wind, ANIN
window, DINELA (P)
wine, TUA
winnowing basket, LAFATIK
wipe, brush, KOSE
without, not any, LAEK
woman, FETO
woman's song, SABULU
word, speech, LIA
work, job, KNAAR
worm, ULAR
wound, HAHANEK
wound, injure, KANEK
write, HARKEREK
wrong, LA LOS

Y
yam, TALAS
year, TINAN
yellow, KINU
you (plural), IMI
you (singular), O
young, immature, NURAK
young, single nobleman, KLOSAN
young boy, OAN MANE
young girl, OAN FETO
young leaf, AI TAHAN OKAT
younger brother, ALIN
younger sister, ALIN FETO
yours, IMI NIAN
youth, LABARIK, LAUARIK

PHRASES

Greetings
How are you? (lit. are you well or not?)
O di'ak ka lae?

Not bad. (lit. some good, some bad)
Balu di'ak, balu att

Farwell. (by horse, lit. hold tight the horse)
Hatos kuda di'ak

Farewell. (by foot, lit. see the road well)
Hare dalan di'ak

We have (just) arrived.
Ami to'o ona.

They have arrived (some time ago).
Sira to'o tiha.

We will go tomorrow.
Ami sei ba aban.

He came yesterday.
Nia mai tiha horiseik.

We are going home.
Ami fila fali ba uma.

Introductions
"Ita" is used as you is always polite to strangers."O" for "you" is familar usage.

What is your name?
Ita nia naran sa? (ita=polite)

What is your name?
O nia naran sa? (To servants)

My name is John.
Ha'u nia naran John.

My firend's name is Robert.
Ha'u nia belu nia naran Robert.

What is your wife's name?
Ita nia kaben naran sa?

My wife's name is Betty.
Ha'u nia kaben naran Betty.

How old are you?
Ita tinan hira? (ita=polite)

When will you give birth?
Ita fo hahouris uain hira? (or bain hira?)

When is your birthday?
Bain hira (uain hira) mak o halo o nia tinan?

In my house we have two children.
Iha ha'u nia uma, ami iha oan rua.

Where do you live?
Ita hela iha ne'e be? (ita=polite)

Where are you going?
Ita ba iha ne'e be?

I live in Fatu Kai.
Hau hela iha Fatu Kai.

What is the name of your village?
Ita nia knua naran sa? (ita-polite)

How many days can we stay here?
Ami bele hela iha ne'e, loron hira?

You can stay as long as you wish.
Ita futar bele hela nafatin.

What is the time?
Oras ne'e, tuku hira?

What is that?
Buat ne'e sa?

Travel

We want to drive a car.
Ami hakarak atu kair kareta ida.

What time does the bus leave?
Bus ba tuku hira?

What time does the bus arrive?
Bus to'o tuku hira?

The bus arrives at one o'clock.
Bus mai tuku ida.

What is the name of this place?
Iha fatin ida ne'e naran sa?

We want to find a bed.
Ami hakarak atu hetan toba fatin.

We want one bed for tonight.
Kalan ne'e, ami hakarak atu hetan toba fatin ida de'it.

Where is the place for us to sleep?
Ami nia toba fatin, iha ne'e be?

We are looking for an inn (lodging house)
Ami buka pousada ida.

We go overseas at seven o'clock.
Ami ba tasi balu iha tuku hitu.

We will return at two o'clock.
Ami sei fila fali iha tuku rua.

You must take this with us.
O sei lori ida ne'e ho ami.

Can you show me the road to Dili?
Ita bele hatudu ba ha'u, dalan ba Dili iha ne'e be?

I want to talk on the telephone.
Ha'u hakarak atu ko'alia ba arame.

Can I go onthe other side of the river?
Ha'u bele ba iha mota balu ba?

Can we travel this road?
Ami bele la'o dalan ne'e?

We want to trabel to the mountains near the Ainaro district.
Ami hakarak ba atu hare foho iha besik Ainaro.

I want to send a letter overseas.
Ha'u hakarak atu jaruka surat ba tasi balu.

Can we go to see Timor dancing?
Ai bele ba atu hare tebedai Timor?

Wait three hours. The we will come back.
Hein to'o oras tolu. Hafoin ami fila fali.

Buy and Sell

I want to buy food.
Ha'u hakarak atu sosa hahan.

I want to buy fruit.
Ha'u hakarak atu sosa ai fuan.

I want to buy a gold necklace.
Ha'u hakarak atu sosa kaeli osa mean.

I want to buy a gold ring.
Ha'u hakarak atu sosa kadeli osa mean.

We want to buy cigarettes.
Ami hakarak atu sosa sigaro.

Where can we find tobacco?
Ami bele hetan tabaku iha ne'e be?

We want to buy two hands of bananas.
Ami hakarak atu sosa hudi sasuit rua.

We want to buy some woven wallets.
Ami hakarak atu sosa ti'u balu.

We want to buy some tais (indigenous cloth).
Ami hakarak atu sosa tais balu.

Do you sell cloth?
Ita fa'an hena?

Food

What is the name of this food?
Hahan ne'e naran sa?

Is this good?
Ida ne'e di'ak?

Is this water good to drink?
Ue ne'e atu hemu di'ak?

I will only eat vegetables.
Ha'u sei ha modo de'it.

We will eat pork.
Ami bele ha na'an fahi.

We will not accept dog meat to eat.
Ami la kohi ha na'an asu.

Kid meat is all right but I don't want old goat meat.
Na'an bibi oan dia'k mai be ha'u la kohi na'an bibi katuas.

I wish to drink coffee with one spoon of sugar.
Ha'u hakarak atu hemu cafe ho masin midar kanuru ida.

General

Do those youths go to school?
Labrarik (lauarik) sira ne'e ba eskola?

Is that a nice person?
Ema ida ne'e furak?

When does the school year begin?
Eskola tinan hahu bain hira (uain hira?)

What time does school begin?
Eskola hahu tuku hira?

I want to go to the toilet.
Ha'u hakarak atu ba kakus sentina.

I want to eat sasouru (rice gruel for upset stomach).
Ha'u hakarak atu ha sasouru.

I must take this medicine.
Ha'u sei hemi ai mouruk ne'e.

Put the bandage on this wound.
Tau hena iha kanek ne'e.

You must open the door.
Ita sei loke oda matan.

You must close the door.
Ita sei loke oda matan.

Today we want to go to church.
Ohin, ami hakarak atu ba uma kreda.

Today, we are going to see the market.
Ohin ne'e, ami ba atu hare basar.

Is this your house?
Uma ne'e ita nian.

Where do you live?
O hela iha ne'e be?

Is the government good?
Ema ne'e ukun di'ak?

Will you wash these clothes?
Ita bele fase rope sira ne'e?

I want a shower.
Ha'u hakarak haris.

Do you speak English?
Ita ko'alia English?

The word in English is called ...; what is it in Tetun?
Iha English lia fuan naran ...; iha Tetun naran sa?

How much is this?
Ne'e osan hira?

Does anyone speak English?
Ema rumah hatene ko'alia English?

I can teach you to speak English words.
Ha'u bele hanourin ita atu ko'alia lia fuan English.

It is hot.
Rai manas.

It is wet.
Rai bokon.

It will soon rain.
Udan besik ona.

The wind is strong, therefore it will rain soon.
Anin maka'as, hafoin udan besik ona.

How many children are yours?
Oan hira o nian?

How many wives have you?
O iha kaben hira?

We want to see a cock-fight.
Ami hakarak atu hare futu manu ida.

I want to ride a horse.
Ha'u hakarak sa'e kuda ida.

Maize is traded in the following bundles.

1 bukar = 2 to 3 cobs
10 bukar = 1 talin
10 talin = 1 tur
10 tur = 1 kesak
10 besak = 1 batan

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